per capita for each person

ex: for each one person there are 3 guns,, 3 per capita

said as, there are 3 guns per capita,, or ratio of 3:1


percent for each 100

for each 100 people there are 300 guns,
said as there are 300 percent as many guns as people or ratio of 3:1

for sake of comparison,, each will work


though of course the human element introduces several variables that ratios alone do not always account for,,,,



but, in this comparison, when the single mom discrepancy between whites and blacks is being scapegoated as the 'reason' for all other negatively impacted discrepancies ,,,I pulled this ratio out to show that the numbers dont add up,,,,,,that the particular 'discrepancy' has actually been decreasing with seemingly no change to the others,,,,,


per capita numbers no doubt reflect the same realities, but are much more difficult to find,,,,

maybe, i wouldn't know... i've always had to get my jobs on my own...

Minnesota exposes one troubling reason America locks up so many black people.



(Screenshot via Georgia Department of Corrections)
Prison inmates in Wilcox State Prison in Abbeville, Georgia.

America has banished a disproportionate number of its black citizens to the "gray wasteland" of incarceration, Ta-Nehisi Coates writes in The Atlantic's new cover story.

In "The Black Family in the Age of Mass Incarceration," Coates notes that in 2000, one in 10 black males between the ages of 20 and 40 was behind bars. That was 10 times the rate for white males in the same age group.

A decade later, Coates writes, one-third of black male high-school dropouts between 20 and 39 were incarcerated. Only 13% of white dropouts in that age group were behind bars.

The incarceration and poverty rates in Minnesota could help explain why so many African-American men end up in prison or jail.

Though Minnesota has one of America's lowest incarceration rates due to "relatively sane justice policies," it also has one of the "worst black-white incarceration ratios in the country," Coates writes, citing a 2009 paper from the University of Minnesota Law School.

Studies from the 1980s and 1990s showed that the black per-capita incarceration rates in Minnesota were about 20 times higher than the rates for whites, making the ratio the most unequal in the nation, Richard Frase wrote in the paper, called "What Explains Persistent Racial Disproportionality in Minnesota's Jail and Prison Populations?"
Minnesota does a bit better now, but its ratio of black-to-white incarceration rates is still in the top quartile, according to Frase.

It turns out that something else distinguishes Minnesota from other states in the US: The poverty rate for blacks in that state is higher than it is in the US as a whole.

In 2000, the black-family poverty rate was six times higher than the white-family poverty rate in Minnesota, while it was 3.4 times higher in the US as a whole.

Poverty and incarceration perpetuate each other, Frase writes:

Poverty and lack of opportunity are associated with higher crime rates; crime leads to arrest, a criminal record, and usually a jail or prison sentence; past crimes lengthen those sentences; offenders released from prison or jail confront family and neighborhood dysfunction, increased rates of unemployment, and other crime-producing disadvantages; this makes them likelier to commit new crimes, and the cycle repeats it

Coates says Minnesota provides a bigger lesson.

"The lesson of Minnesota is that the chasm in incarceration rates is deeply tied to the socioeconomic chasm between black and white America," he writes.

See, the law screws the poor six ways from Thursday.

It happens that many of the poor are also black. If this were a Venn Diagram, there'd be a lot of overlap. In many suburbs like Ferguson, the population is overwhelmingly black AND poor, while the cops are not.

It can be difficult to disentangle how much of the harassment is "because black" and how much is "because poor".

There is certainly some of both. I'd say there's a lot more "because black", but it is definitely mixed in with "because poor". No Capitol cop has thrown down Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas yet, as far as I know.

The studies I have seen tend to support this. Personally, I have been poor but have never been black, and anecdotal evidence isn't statistical evidence at all anyhow.

S.

Edit: also throw in a big box of "because young". Older farts (I was young once, too) seem to get a lot more hassle than their elders. S.

The other side to the issue of the controversial textbook....

Unpublished 'Black Lives Matter' Book Stirs Controversy
By Jackie Zubrzycki on August 28, 2015 2:31 PM

ABDO Publishing is releasing the book in 2016 as part of a "Special Reports" series that also includes books about ISIS, transgender issues, and the Ebola outbreak. Here's how the publishing company describes the series:

Special Reports explores the challenging events and contentious issues that fill the headlines, with compelling text and well-chosen images. Providing balanced coverage, as well as background information and context, the books in this series help readers develop an essential understanding of current events and encourage them to form their own opinions.

Though "Black Lives Matter" is hardly the only contentious topic on that list, the book was singled out in an episode of "Fox and Friends," the TV show, last weekend.

Radio personality and author Larry Elder denounced the book in a segment called "New Black Lives Matter Textbook Is Aimed at 6th Grade Students." Elder said the book teaches that black people are victims and that white people should feel guilty, and that it would indoctrinate children in this belief. An icon in the bottom corner of the screen during the segment reads "Trouble With Schools."

A post on The Feminist Wire earlier this month had said that teachers and parents would find the book to be an "invaluable resource."

Macalester College Professor Duchess Harris said she and co-author Sue Bradford Edwards, a Missouri-based journalist, hoped to provide information for young people looking to understand current events and African-American history.

Co-author Harris said that Elder criticized the book without having read it. She sent Education Week a draft copy. "If you read it and still don't like it, that's fair."

Harris, an American studies professor, said the content is not meant as "indoctrination or propaganda." "It's, these are current events and this is what that means," she said.

ABDO is an educational publisher that sells books to schools and school libraries, and the book is advertised as being aligned to the Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. But ABDO Publishing editor-in-chief Paul Abdo told online news site Fusion that the book is not intended to be a textbook.

The book, which consists of about 100 pages long of larger-print text, starts with a description of the death of Michael Brown, the legal aftermath, and the reaction in Missouri and across the country.

It then gives a brief history, "Black Lives in America," that includes the Three-fifths compromise (which declared that slaves counted as Three-fifths of a person for the purposes of taxation and representation), the Civil War, the development of Jim Crow laws, the role of African-American units in World War II, the Civil Rights movement, and residential segregation.
It walks readers through other recent events, such as the 2009 shooting death of Oscar Grant at the hands of a police officer in Oakland, Calif., including their legal and social aftermaths.

The book does explicitly say that African-American citizens have often received harsher treatment by law enforcement than white citizens. It cites statistics that bolster that claim, including, for instance, that in Ferguson African Americans are far more likely to be pulled over for minor traffic violations than white citizens, and that 42 percent of police SWAT team missions have involved African Americans, who make up 13 percent of the population.

Harris said that many of her students have never studied African-American history before college and are wary about talking about race or charged current events in class. She said she hoped the book would fill a gap.

"My colleagues in the math department, for instance, don't get students who have never encountered algebra or calculus," Harris said. "But what I get are students whose high school teachers have not dealt with contemporary race relations."

http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/curriculum/2015/08/black_lives_matter_textbook_on.html

If the ticket is thrown out you don't have to pay the court costs, that means the case is dismissed and your found not guilty.

I've seen people get found not guilty being represented by a Public Pretender err Public Defender.....

Well I saw the 'suspect' pic and Mr. Blake does actually have quite a strong resemblance.It later turned out that the actual 'suspect' was the wrong guy too, so the NYPD really look like the Keystone Kops here.

In the case of Mr. Blake, there is no ID or badge displayed, seemingly no "Police! Freeze!" command issued, just the cop rolling up on him and taking him down.

The NYPD has publicly apologized, and the cop is riding a desk. He has other charges of brutality pending from incidents where a group of officers are alleged to have taken suspects down and beaten them. He's been named as a defendant in at least two of these group cases, and some individual complaints.

As a general rule it is not unusual for a street cop to have a couple unsubstantiated complaints in his jacket. They are usually from career criminals claiming abuse of some kind. They are rarely from model citizens alleging a beat down. They may complain the cop was mean, or unprofessional, or rude writing a ticket, but generally violence is not an issue.

In this case, since it was a non-violent offense being investigated, the cop should have 'badged' Mr. Blake and explained he's being taken into custody for a field interview. They could question and ID him on the spot. You hold up the pic of the suspect and conclude ok, you guys could be brothers, but you're not our guy. Sorry for the misunderstanding, we appreciate you co-operating, and have a great day. I think if you show him the pic, he gets why you detained him and it's a non story.

IF however the takedown to the pavement goes bad, and there is a broken wrist or leg, or a concussion to Mr. Blake, then your liability goes through the roof. If he wants to generate revenue as a tennis instructor or do endorsements for tennis racquets and can't swing one any more, you are looking at millions for a settlement.

As it stands right now, if I'm the NYPD, this cop is toast and has to be kicked off the force. Too many complaints, and now undisputed video. That video is going to be front and center at his other complaint hearings to try and establish a pattern of behavior. He's a wrongful death lawsuit just waiting to happen.

The problem with the Bland case was she was uncooperative.


If you get pulled over and don't agree with it just give the officer your license, insurance and registration and tell him\her respectfully conversation over, give me a ticket or let me go and sort it out in court. No need in getting confrontational with the officer that just makes things worse and makes you look guilty when it does go to court and if you by chance do pull that with a dirty cop, well your screwed.

yes, but the 'law' should not be made that can stop someone from their religious practice,,,

since that part of the constitution is there for a reason, I feel this law falls into a very slippery slope where that needs to be accomodated so as to not be a violation

fine, let the 'law' dictate what is a marriage, but dont force people whose religion doesnt allow it to have to PERSONALLY cosign for it,,,

I understand today is 9/11 and that many lost their loved ones on that fateful day, and I'm fully aware that anytime I turn on the news I'm going to see a remembrance of those who died, Wall Street Executives, Janitors, Firefighters, and many others. Why yes it is Sad, and these people do need to be remembered, let's please not look at this as an event in the past that is 'over and done with' it's not.

Sadly we are STILL dealing with the after-effects of this event, but we don't talk about. While reading the names of the 3,000 lost this day in 2001, no one will read the names of the 2,200+ lives of our military that have been lost since, 7 of those this year alone.

Today you will hear about the names of the victims of that day, the names of their families, their ages, and testimonies from people of all walks of life.

You will not hear testimonies from Military families who are attending funerals to say goodbye to their loved ones THIS year. Those who gave up their lives in hopes of preventing another attack like this.

So I challenge everyone, while they are remembering the lost lives from this event, for you to remember that the death-toll from this event is not over, and still-climbing, remember the past lives, but also please remember the present lives being taken too soon as well.

The world sadly remembers this date well enough.

And now there is King Noble making internet threats on youtube and Twitter for a Fukyoflag movement meeting on September 11.



http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/09/09/fukyoflag-movement-calls-for-black-lives-matter-violence-on-911/

http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/09/03/black-supremacist-its-open-season-on-killing-white-people-and-cop

'It's open season on killing white people and crackers,' King Noble says in a chilling Youtube rant. 'The Black Lives Matter movement wasn'�t enough.'

Noble calls for more execution-style killings of police officers similar to the slaying of Texas sheriff's Deputy Darren Goforth.

'It'�s not safe no more to be white in America. Lurking behind any corner could be an angry black man ready to take yo *** out. It's a reality,' he said. 'It's open season on killing whites and police.'

The orders have just come down from the head organizer of #FYF911 movement from Palmetto Star — the ratched revolutionary, too raw for TV — the order has come down to reveal the secret locaiton of FYF mobilization.
'The event will be held in Stone Mountain. Get there. In Stone Mountain, you will witness the end of U.S. imperialist white supremecy. September 11th, Stone Mountain. Get there'.

Hopefully he is all bluster and nothing will eventuate.
Keep safe ALL Americans.

Business as usual with topic distractions

Diversionary tactics:.

cops
drug
food analogies

Manipulation tactics:

1 - I insulted you, but no I didn't
1 - you to agreed with me & you don't know it..

The same number it takes to start a "misinformation" campaign and at least one apologist to back their false claims.

The same number it takes to start a "misinformation" campaign and at least one apologist to back their false claims.