Topic: What is the will, and is it free?
TexasScoundrel's photo
Sat 02/09/13 07:25 PM

I don't consider them to be "assumptions" at all. I derived at this hypothesis by logical deduction.


How you arrived at you conclusion is irrelevant. It's still an assumption without evidence.

no photo
Sat 02/09/13 07:28 PM


I don't consider them to be "assumptions" at all. I derived at this hypothesis by logical deduction.


How you arrived at you conclusion is irrelevant. It's still an assumption without evidence.


No, it is an hypothesis which cannot be dis-proven.

In science, assumptions are made all the time. If they can make assumptions, then so can I.

I arrived at my hypothesis by way of logical reasoning.





TexasScoundrel's photo
Sat 02/09/13 07:43 PM

No, it is an hypothesis which cannot be dis-proven.

In science, assumptions are made all the time. If they can make assumptions, then so can I.

I arrived at my hypothesis by way of logical reasoning.


A hypothesis is also an assumption. And you're right, a negative cannot be proven. Therefore, it would be up to you to prove that carrots are in fact conscious.

no photo
Sat 02/09/13 07:59 PM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Sat 02/09/13 08:01 PM


No, it is an hypothesis which cannot be dis-proven.

In science, assumptions are made all the time. If they can make assumptions, then so can I.

I arrived at my hypothesis by way of logical reasoning.


A hypothesis is also an assumption. And you're right, a negative cannot be proven. Therefore, it would be up to you to prove that carrots are in fact conscious.


Since I am not a scientist, I have no need to prove that.

I offered to explain my logical process but you apparently are not interested, as you just are one of those people who just sit around demanding "proof."

PROVE IT PROVE IT PROVE IT.

BLAH BLAH BLAH.

Nobody wants to actually think anymore.

They just chant PROVE IT.

frustrated


no photo
Sat 02/09/13 08:03 PM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Sat 02/09/13 08:19 PM
By the way, A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

It is NOT an assumption.

waving

Goodnight

TexasScoundrel's photo
Sat 02/09/13 08:21 PM
Edited by TexasScoundrel on Sat 02/09/13 08:43 PM

By the way, A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

It is NOT an assumption.


Are we really going to argue semantics? Very well, since the hypothesis is unproven it is an assumption.

Go right ahead and present your logical argument. I'll stand back and give you some room.

no photo
Sat 02/09/13 10:25 PM


By the way, A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

It is NOT an assumption.


Are we really going to argue semantics? Very well, since the hypothesis is unproven it is an assumption.

Go right ahead and present your logical argument. I'll stand back and give you some room.


It is not a question of semantics. It is a question of using the wrong word. An assumption is no where near the meaning of an hypothesis.

They are two completely different words meaning two completely different things, like apples and oranges.

You are clearly not very interested in the logic that brought me to the conclusion ( or hypothesis) that everything has some degree of consciousness, but I will get back to you on that later just in case someone is.

Goodnight






TexasScoundrel's photo
Sun 02/10/13 04:29 AM
Everything we know is an assumption based on the evidence we have. A long time ago, people saw the sun move across the sky. Based on this they assumed the sun revolved around the earth. It seemed self evident. Now, we have better evidence that proves that hypothesis wrong. Based on what we now assume to be true, we assume the earth revolves around the sun. But, some new, unforeseen evidence may come to light and blow that theory out of the water too. Although I don't think it's likely.

You're right that a hypothesis is different from an assumption. A hypothesis leads one to making assumptions.

I am curious about what makes you believe all life is conscious. But, I may not be able to find out for a while because in a few hours I'm getting back on the truck and headed to I don't know where.

no photo
Sun 02/10/13 11:24 AM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Sun 02/10/13 11:56 AM

Everything we know is an assumption based on the evidence we have. A long time ago, people saw the sun move across the sky. Based on this they assumed the sun revolved around the earth. It seemed self evident. Now, we have better evidence that proves that hypothesis wrong. Based on what we now assume to be true, we assume the earth revolves around the sun. But, some new, unforeseen evidence may come to light and blow that theory out of the water too. Although I don't think it's likely.

You're right that a hypothesis is different from an assumption. A hypothesis leads one to making assumptions.

I am curious about what makes you believe all life is conscious. But, I may not be able to find out for a while because in a few hours I'm getting back on the truck and headed to I don't know where.



I stated that I believe that everything has a degree of consciousness. Not "all life."

Everything that exists.

no photo
Sun 02/10/13 11:50 AM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Sun 02/10/13 11:59 AM
Explaining my hypothesis: Everything has a degree of Consciousness.

Part 1

Apart from my writing a long paper on it, Here is a great place to start towards understanding what my own thoughts are on this:

“Normal science has no coherent causal theory to account for the existence of conscious experience. Insofar as science attempts to say something coherent about subjectivity, it proposes that conscious experience somehow emerges from neurological systems when those systems cross a threshold of complexity. But such an assertion essentially concedes that consciousness is a miracle—it just happens. And nobody has figured out how to figure out where the threshold is.”

"Another approach denies consciousness all together. To this school, the word is just another name for certain neurophysiological processes. It does not signify anything distinct from the observable phenomena of the brain. Nothing else is occurring that warrants a separate term. It's not a scientific or a philosophical problem; it's a linguistic confusion.

"It should be no surprise that a scientific fringe finds these responses unsatisfying and in response is turning from cell biology and neurochemistry to quantum physics in an attempt to better understand the relationship between the brain and felt experience.

A fascinating article, here is the address:

Quantum Gravity and the Physics of Consciousness

http://www.starlarvae.org/Star_Larvae_The_Physics_of_Subjectivity.html

*************************************************************


In simplifying it in my own words:

1. If you are willing to admit that you are conscious (due to the fact that you are aware of your environment or for whatever reason,) then you have to agree that consciousness does exist, and is not "illusion."

If Texasscoundrel, you don't agree that consciousness exists and you believe it is 'an illusion' then we cannot proceed because we do not agree on the premise.

So, does consciousness exist or is it an illusion?

To continue with any logical explanation for my hypothesis, there must be presumed agreement (even if it is temporary) with the common premise that consciousness does exist.


(I would like to add that to say consciousness is an illusion does not make any sense anyway because a person has to be somewhat conscious to even perceive an illusion.)













no photo
Sun 02/10/13 12:14 PM
Part 2

Is consciousness an emergent property?
I don’t believe it is.

Continuing from the article linked to above:


“British mathematician Roger Penrose has proposed a model that accounts for subjective, conscious experience in terms of quantum-gravitational events. And the mechanism he proposes might characterize the inner workings of stars as well as the inner workings of brains.

In contrast to those who advocate emergent models, Penrose proposes that consciousness is fundamental to the physical world. Like the philosopher Whitehead, Penrose rejects the idea that consciousness per se is reducible to deterministic processes of biochemistry.

Noncomputability and Objective Reduction

In Penrose's physics of subjectivity, consciousness emerges from the complexity of brain activity only in the sense in which water emerges from the complexity of a well-digger's activity. Well digging doesn't reach a threshold of complexity beyond which water spontaneously appears. Diggers tap existing water and figure out how to bring it to the surface. Biological evolution has figured out how to tap consciousness and bring it to the surface.

The so-called Penrose-Hameroff model of consciousness, developed by Penrose in collaboration with University of Arizona anesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff, grew out of Penrose's foray into the artificial intelligence (AI) debate. Proponents of "strong AI" propose that an arrangement of computer circuits sufficiently complex would acquire consciousness for the same reason that the complex circuitry of a human brain acquires consciousness. The strong AI argument regards consciousness as an emergent property of complex, high-speed computation.

Penrose dismisses in principle the argument that consciousness is reducible to computation, no matter how fast or complex. His argument hinges in part on the ability of human minds to discern the truth or falsity of certain mathematical propositions that cannot be proven true or false within the formal rules of mathematics. Presumably, a programmed computer, its program moving in lockstep with formalized rules of logic and mathematics, could not calculate, or apperceive, the truth or falsity of these types of mathematical statements. Their verification is noncomputable. They are not algorithmically verifiable. Therefore, if brains are complex computers, which is the model that currently dominates cognitive science, then mind must be more than brain. Or at least, mind must be more than the purely chemical activity of the brain, which constitutes the signal-processing circuitry that underlies the brain-as-computer model. Penrose concludes that quantum events, with their indeterminate character, rather than theoretically computable chemical events, are the more likely source of consciousness per se.”


no photo
Sun 02/10/13 12:22 PM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Sun 02/10/13 12:23 PM
The above two posts were from a single article and were found by me just today. They seem to describe very well exactly what I have felt about the subject for years but have never put into words.

My hypothesis that all things have a degree of consciousness does not depend on that specific source. I used it here because it says what I wanted to say about the subject in a very easy to understand way.

So far my hypothesis states this:

1. Consciousness exists
2. Consciousness is not simply an evolutionary biological emergent property.


TexasScoundrel's photo
Sun 02/10/13 08:45 PM
Okay, I can agree that consciousness does exist. I can agree that there are different levels of consciousness and some life forms are more conscious than others and also my be conscious of different things. However, I have to draw the line at lifeforms that don't have a brain or at least a nervous system. A single celled creature may be self aware (this is me and that is not), but conscious? I'm having a hard time with that.

TexasScoundrel's photo
Mon 02/11/13 06:51 AM
Furthermore, Things that are not alive (rocks, water, fire, clay, etc.) cannot even be self aware.

But, this raises a question in my mind. Do you think dead things that were once alive conscious? You know, after the "soul" has left.

karieltheone's photo
Mon 02/11/13 01:01 PM
In my modest opinion:

While it is true that consciousness is a phenomenon in it self it can not be deny that our mind (in the abstract sense) it is attached to a physical support (the brain). All that we are, our opinions, our knowledge, our feelings banish when the brain dies because our conscience can not exist out of the physical plane.

There for, even while consciousness can be understood as "stand alone" sort of phenomenon to a certain degree, it still is affected by the brain chemistry... it stills needs the neurons synapses to transmits its ideas...which synapses on its own way are just electrical transmissions there for can be affected by millions of different things, including environmental phenomenon. So it would seem that "will" it is shackled to natural things, which we can not control. So our will would not be truly free, at least not a 100%...where can we draw the line? its hard to say.

It certainly feels like one of those subjects in which you can form an opinion but not knowledge (from a Kantian point of view of knowledge).

Regardless, from a more practical approach the discussion seems to become pointless...since we like it or not "free will" plays an irreplaceable roll in our social constructions... with out it, all our legal systems would collapse.

So at the end, even if it turns out that there is not such thing as "free will", it becomes a necessary social construction due to the way we have build our interactions.

no photo
Mon 02/11/13 01:34 PM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Mon 02/11/13 01:57 PM

Okay, I can agree that consciousness does exist. I can agree that there are different levels of consciousness and some life forms are more conscious than others and also my be conscious of different things.


Great!! That is a very good place to start. A point where we can agree on.


However, I have to draw the line at lifeforms that don't have a brain or at least a nervous system. A single celled creature may be self aware (this is me and that is not), but conscious? I'm having a hard time with that.


When I speak of "consciousness" I am not talking about being self aware. Humans and maybe some higher primates are probably the only living creatures who have reached that state of awareness.

But dogs and cats are conscious and they are aware of their surroundings. They can feel pain and they are given pain killers when they are being treated or operated on so it is an accepted fact that animals are conscious. We can observe that they do feel pain and react to their surroundings. But they are not considered to be "self aware" that we know, of in the way that humans are.

Therefore I would postulate that animals are conscious but may not be self aware.

So hypothesis #3 is that consciousness does not require "self awareness."

My hypothesis #4 is that consciousness is defined as an awareness of anything,--- real or imaginary(as defined by humans).

Meaning that if you are aware of your dreams, although you may not be considered "conscious and awake" by a human observer, you are still aware, hence, you are still "conscious" to a certain degree. You are aware of your dreams. Even as you do not dream, your body is aware of its functions, breathing, etc. and will waken you when you need to use the bathroom.

You are aware, to a degree, even in a deep sleep. Hence you are conscious. Therefore, consciousness exists in degrees and levels of awareness. It is not just a case of being conscious or unconscious. (on or off)

So, Hypothesis #5 is that consciousness exists in degrees, and is not always observable by a human observer.

So far this is where I am:

1. Consciousness exists
2. Consciousness is not simply an evolutionary biological emergent property.
3. Consciousness does not require "self awareness."
4. Consciousness is defined as an awareness of anything,--- real or imaginary(as defined by humans).
5. Consciousness exist in degrees, and is not always observable (by a human observer).

I will get the the points below in a later post.
How are we doing with the points above? Do you understand or agree on all 5?



Furthermore, Things that are not alive (rocks, water, fire, clay, etc.) cannot even be self aware.

But, this raises a question in my mind. Do you think dead things that were once alive conscious? You know, after the "soul" has left.





no photo
Mon 02/11/13 01:53 PM
Edited by Jeanniebean on Mon 02/11/13 02:00 PM

In my modest opinion:

While it is true that consciousness is a phenomenon in it self it can not be deny that our mind (in the abstract sense) it is attached to a physical support (the brain). All that we are, our opinions, our knowledge, our feelings banish when the brain dies because our conscience can not exist out of the physical plane.

There for, even while consciousness can be understood as "stand alone" sort of phenomenon to a certain degree, it still is affected by the brain chemistry... it stills needs the neurons synapses to transmits its ideas...which synapses on its own way are just electrical transmissions there for can be affected by millions of different things, including environmental phenomenon. So it would seem that "will" it is shackled to natural things, which we can not control. So our will would not be truly free, at least not a 100%...where can we draw the line? its hard to say.

It certainly feels like one of those subjects in which you can form an opinion but not knowledge (from a Kantian point of view of knowledge).

Regardless, from a more practical approach the discussion seems to become pointless...since we like it or not "free will" plays an irreplaceable roll in our social constructions... with out it, all our legal systems would collapse.

So at the end, even if it turns out that there is not such thing as "free will", it becomes a necessary social construction due to the way we have build our interactions.



Most of your hypothesis about consciousness being dependent on the brain is an assumption.

The following is a huge assumption

All that we are, our opinions, our knowledge, our feelings banish when the brain dies because our conscience can not exist out of the physical plane.


.. and is based purely on appearances and the assumption that consciousness is an emergent property.

Number #2 of my hypothesis states that:

2. Consciousness is not simply an evolutionary biological emergent property.

People who believe that consciousness is an emergent property of complex systems would also probably have to agree then, in the strong AI argument that complex, high-speed computation and arrangement of computer circuits could be sufficiently complex enough to acquire consciousness for the same reason.

I propose that Artificial and non-biological Intelligence created by computer circuits will never be able to acquire sufficient human-like or self aware consciousness because my hypothesis doesn't support the idea that consciousness is an emergent property.

The only degree of consciousness a robot might have would only be equal to the elemental consciousness of the material it is made of.
(Metal, gold, plastic etc.) = elemental consciousness








no photo
Mon 02/11/13 02:12 PM
Summary of where I am so far...

1. Consciousness exists
2. Consciousness is not simply an evolutionary biological emergent property.
3. Consciousness does not require "self awareness."
4. Consciousness is defined as an awareness of anything,--- real or imaginary(as defined by humans).
5. Consciousness exist in degrees, and is not always observable (by a human observer).


#2 above seems to be the largest stumbling block for most.

In contrast to those who advocate emergent models, Rodger Penrose proposes that consciousness is fundamental to the physical world.

It's worth reading again:

“British mathematician Roger Penrose has proposed a model that accounts for subjective, conscious experience in terms of quantum-gravitational events. And the mechanism he proposes might characterize the inner workings of stars as well as the inner workings of brains.

In contrast to those who advocate emergent models, Penrose proposes that consciousness is fundamental to the physical world. Like the philosopher Whitehead, Penrose rejects the idea that consciousness per se is reducible to deterministic processes of biochemistry.

Noncomputability and Objective Reduction

In Penrose's physics of subjectivity, consciousness emerges from the complexity of brain activity only in the sense in which water emerges from the complexity of a well-digger's activity. Well digging doesn't reach a threshold of complexity beyond which water spontaneously appears. Diggers tap existing water and figure out how to bring it to the surface. Biological evolution has figured out how to tap consciousness and bring it to the surface.

The so-called Penrose-Hameroff model of consciousness, developed by Penrose in collaboration with University of Arizona anesthesiologist Stuart Hameroff, grew out of Penrose's foray into the artificial intelligence (AI) debate. Proponents of "strong AI" propose that an arrangement of computer circuits sufficiently complex would acquire consciousness for the same reason that the complex circuitry of a human brain acquires consciousness. The strong AI argument regards consciousness as an emergent property of complex, high-speed computation.

Penrose dismisses in principle the argument that consciousness is reducible to computation, no matter how fast or complex. His argument hinges in part on the ability of human minds to discern the truth or falsity of certain mathematical propositions that cannot be proven true or false within the formal rules of mathematics. Presumably, a programmed computer, its program moving in lockstep with formalized rules of logic and mathematics, could not calculate, or apperceive, the truth or falsity of these types of mathematical statements. Their verification is noncomputable. They are not algorithmically verifiable. Therefore, if brains are complex computers, which is the model that currently dominates cognitive science, then mind must be more than brain. Or at least, mind must be more than the purely chemical activity of the brain, which constitutes the signal-processing circuitry that underlies the brain-as-computer model. Penrose concludes that quantum events, with their indeterminate character, rather than theoretically computable chemical events, are the more likely source of consciousness per se.”


Penrose dismisses in principle the argument that consciousness is reducible to computation, no matter how fast or complex. His argument hinges in part on the ability of human minds to discern the truth or falsity of certain mathematical propositions that cannot be proven true or false within the formal rules of mathematics. Presumably, a programmed computer, its program moving in lockstep with formalized rules of logic and mathematics, could not calculate, or apperceive, the truth or falsity of these types of mathematical statements. Their verification is noncomputable.

They are not algorithmically verifiable. Therefore, if brains are complex computers, which is the model that currently dominates cognitive science, then mind must be more than brain. Or at least, mind must be more than the purely chemical activity of the brain, which constitutes the signal-processing circuitry that underlies the brain-as-computer model. Penrose concludes that quantum events, with their indeterminate character, rather than theoretically computable chemical events, are the more likely source of consciousness per se.”





TexasScoundrel's photo
Mon 02/11/13 02:14 PM
I don't think we are.

Firstly, It's my view that anything alive must have a certain level of self awareness. I concept of this is my body and that is not my body. It knows it is separate from other things. It knows it needs food and how to find it. If it doesn't know at least this much it could mistake it's own tail for food.

But, to be conscious requires one to interact with one's environment to a greater degree. A tree isn't conscious of a lumberjack coming to cut it down. But, a deer consciously understands it needs to avoid wolves. Each living thing is conscious of what it needs to stay alive and produce offspring.

Also, I do think consciousness evolved slowly over time. As lifeforms became more and more complex they had a need for greater consciousness. It's the same as growing stronger legs to run faster and escape being eaten.

no photo
Mon 02/11/13 02:15 PM
Therefore I postulate that:

"Mind" is more than "brain."

Consciousness is more than computation by a complex computer or brain.