Community > Posts By > ShadowEagle
A Zero-Emission Coal Technology has been jointly invented by Dr. Hans
Ziock of Los Alamos National Laboratory, Dr. Klaus Lackner of Columbia University, and Dr. Douglas Harrison of Louisiana State University. These talented Scientists have shown that coal does not need to be burned. Energy from coal can be generated via a closed-system chemical process that does not release waste gases into the atmosphere. The process involves anaerobic gasification of coal to produce hydrogen without release to the atmosphere. During the gasification process, pulverized coal reacts with hydrogen and water vapor (hydrogasification) leaving solid ash residue in the reactor vessel. Other contaminants including mercury, nitrogen oxides and ammonia are removed as solids or liquids in purge streams for appropriate treatment and disposal; without direct exposure to the atmosphere. Methane from the gasification process is then reformed to hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide is fixed as calcium carbonate (limestone) by reaction with lime. The heat of the carbonation reaction drives the reformation of methane to hydrogen. The hydrogen generated from the coal (or other carbon based fuels) can be used to power hydrogen fuel cells to create electricity or used as chemical feedstock to produce synthetic fuels. The process is approximately 70% efficient, twice that of a conventional coal-fired electrical generating station - and with no emissions – zero air pollution. The Zero Emission Coal Technology process begins with the simple fact that carbon (coal or other carbon based fuels) and hydrogen react to form methane or synthetic natural gas. This gas is then passed, with steam, over a bed of hot lime or calcium oxide (CaO) in the reformer to produce twice as much hydrogen as was present at the beginning (half of the hydrogen comes from the water, half from the gas). The lime absorbs the carbon from the gas and the oxygen in the water to form calcium carbonate—limestone (CaCO3). The calcium carbonate from the carbonation reaction is recycled in order to regenerate the calcium oxide (lime) which is then used to produce more hydrogen. The recycling process produces a pure CO2 stream ready for disposal by mineral carbonation or use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) or other form of sequestration, or for reuse in limited amounts as chemical feedstock. |
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The LTTE has led the way in "innovations for terrorism" in other
countries too, according to the annual assessment of terrorism worldwide submitted to the U.S. Congress. "Many LTTE innovations, such as explosive belts, vests, and bras, the use of female suicide bombers, and waterborne suicide attacks against ships, have been copied by other terrorist groups," U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has said in the 2006-Country Reports of Terrorism. In its South and Central Asian section, the report said while the Maoists in Nepal signed a peace agreement the LTTE continued with its terrorist attacks. "In Nepal and Sri Lanka, terrorism carried out by the Maoists and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) posed a severe challenge to those Governments." The report said the LTTE raised money from the Tamil diaspora in North America, Europe and Australia and by imposing "taxes" on businesses in the areas under its control. It used weapons either purchased with the money on the international black market or captured from the army. The report said the LTTE conducted a campaign of targeted assassinations against political and military opponents. "The Karuna faction, a dissident faction of the LTTE, conducted its own assassination campaign against the LTTE and pro-LTTE civilians in the east," the report noted. It said the Sri Lankan cooperation with the FBI had resulted in the arrests of persons charged with material support to terrorist groups. Colombo cooperated with efforts to track terrorist financing, though no assets were identified. "The United States also provided training for relevant Sri Lankan government agencies and the banking sector. The Government cooperated with the United States to implement both the Container Security Initiative and the Megaports program at the port of Colombo." The Media Center for National Security (MCNS) reported that the police had uncovered arms and ammunition in a temple at Velanithurai in the Kaytes Island. It said the weapons were concealed above the statues of gods by the LTTE. Two priests were arrested. TamilNet claimed that the Tigers had repulsed an offensive by the army on the Vavuniya-Mannar border. LTTE's military spokesman Irasiah Ilanthirayan told TamilNet that two bodies of soldiers were captured with arms and ammunition when the army offensive involving 300 troopers towards Paalmpiddi was thwarted. A Tiger cadre was killed in action. |
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we are bold enough to attack two of the three evil Axis what chance do you think personally we would have against North Korea??? We might now take George Bush at his word: in the wake of the September 11 attacks, he named three nations as the “axis of evil”: North Korea, Iran and Iraq. The statement had a solid tripartite ring to it, conjuring images of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and Imperial Japan. The implication was chilling: that Axis, we might remember, damn near overran the world. “North Korea,” Bush then said, “is a regime arming with missiles and weapons of mass destruction, while starving its citizens.” Iran, he explained, “aggressively pursues these weapons and exports terror, while an unelected few repress the Iranian people’s hope for freedom.” When it came to Iraq, Bush was oddly careful, saying it “had plotted to develop anthrax, and nerve gas, and nuclear weapons for over a decade.” Had plotted. We are now, some five years later, left with the realization that thinking about acquiring weapons of mass destruction will get you attacked (if you’re Iraq), while actually having them will lead to negotiations — as is the case with North Korea. In truth, this is not an incoherent theory of deterrence: the Soviet Union had some 20,000 nuclear warheads aimed at us during the cold war and we spent our time fighting them in Nicaragua, Chile, the Congo, Vietnam — in other words, in places where our vital interests were not threatened in the slightest. In fact, we fought them on every continent in the world, except Europe, where our vital interests actually were threatened. But we should not think Bush’s words are a kind of historical conceit; we fought the Axis by first knocking off its lightweight contender, Italy. So too, we thought, we would do with Iraq. It was the “axis of evil’s” Italy. More simply, as one of my colleagues has described it, the Bush administration went after Iraq because they thought it would be a pushover, “a Grenada with goats”. Such glibness is well-placed, for it shows that among the gibberish being uttered by Bush’s most important policymakers, there is a sense that perhaps America is not the all-powerful hegemon its class of neo-conservatives would have us believe. At the beginning of the movie “Patton” — a classic, played nearly every night on some television somewhere in America — the great and strutting general faces his troops. “Men,” he says, “this stuff we hear about America wanting to stay out of the war — not wanting to fight — is a lot of bull****. Americans love to fight — traditionally. All real Americans love the sting and clash of battle.” No we don’t. At the height of World War II, when we and our allies were bumping up against the German army, the American army had the highest desertion rate of any fighting force in the European theater. Dwight Eisenhower was enraged; there were tens of thousands of men wandering around behind the lines, “separated from their units”. (British commanders, by the way, often referred to the Americans as … “our Italians”.) That is to say: we didn’t invade Iraq because we thought they had weapons of mass destruction. We invaded Iraq because we knew they didn’t. By this through-the-looking-glass logic, the only nations and movements worth attacking are those that are the least capable of hitting back. That sounds glib, but it is supported by the facts. During his recent address before the United Nations Security Council, Bush laid out a new axis of evil — Hamas and Hezbollah (this is, it seems, the “axis of not quite as evil, but still evil”). Hamas and Hezbollah were each mentioned three times. Al-Qaeda, the movement that attacked the World Trade Center and killed thousands of Americans was mentioned once. Once. North Korea was never mentioned. America has a great military man, but his name is not George Patton. His name is Fox Conner. He was a brigadier general and war theorist earlier in the last century, and was responsible for tutoring some of our greatest military leaders — like George Marshall and Dwight Eisenhower. His view was that dictators would always fight better, because they ruled by fear. Democracies do not have that, ah, luxury. So, he said, democracies must follow three rules when it comes to fighting a war: never fight unless attacked, never fight alone, and never fight for long. The Bush administration has got it exactly backwards — we attacked a country that didn’t attack us, we did it virtually by ourselves, and we have now fought longer in Iraq than we did against Germany and Japan. So too, we have abrogated the most fundamental principles of diplomacy. We insist on negotiating with others (when both Iran and North Korea want bilateral talks), we insist on making demands we cannot hope to enforce, and we believe that the negotiations should be short, when everyone knows that constant negotiations mean constant peace. Don’t think that any of this has been lost on either the North Koreans or Iran. The North Korean leadership knows we’re not going to hit them — why, Americans might actually die by the tens of thousands. It’s much easier for us to hit Hamas, to ship weapons into the West Bank and Gaza in the hopes of fomenting a civil war. That suits us. So the North Koreans are safe. And the Iranians are moving as fast as they can to make sure they will be too. |
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Topic:
Iraq: Beyond the Gallows
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Many observers have assumed that Saddam Hussein’s execution was yet
another Iraqi “milestone” timed to serve the needs of a struggling American president. Milestone it was, but indications now suggest that this was, on the contrary, a marker that Washington was desperate to forestall. And for good reason: in pressing for Saddam’s execution, Iran appears to have reached over America’s head and graphically demonstrated that it is now the preeminent political force inside Iraq. The Bush administration’s provocative posture towards Iran in recent days could thus say more about what has already happened than about what is yet to come. From the vantage point of the Oval Office, raising the specter of a military confrontation with Iran may in fact seem preferable to facing the greatest humiliation of all: the acknowledgement of an Iranian victory in Iraq. Yet it now appears that Saddam’s ignominious end was exactly that: victor’s justice — Iranian victor’s justice. It is a message from Iran to Iraq’s Sunnis that it is Iran, and not the U.S, that is now the dominant force in Iraq. Iran may have been diplomatic enough to call Saddam’s execution a “victory for the Iraqi people,” but the blunt message heard across the region is that Iran will not relent in asserting its title as the region’s leading power. Soon after the hanging, fears from various elements in the region were expressed by one Gulf commentator who wrote that “If Iranian hegemony is really implanted [in Iraq] — and that phase has begun to be evident — then it is incumbent on all the political activists in the country [to realize] that we will be facing a ‘Sunni holocaust,’ and any whiff of civil war will mean assured Sunni victims.” [Translation from [1] Missing Links.] This commentator’s sentiment echoes another warning last month made by Saudi cleric, Sheikh Musa bin Abdelaziz, who claimed that “Iran has become more dangerous than Israel itself.” One of Iraq’s Sunni political leaders, Salih Muahaed al-Mutleq, unequivocally asserts that Iran had a decisive role in Saddam’s execution. And while Sunni rumors about Iran’s role in the execution circulate in Iraq and across the region, the circumstantial evidence that Iran was behind Saddam’s end continues to mount. Furthermore, while the execution caused a mini-firestorm in Washington and European capitals, in Iraq the video of the hanging has widened the chasm between Sunni and Shia. Saddam’s execution is now viewed much like Lenin’s murder of the Romanov family, nearly one century ago — everyone now knows there’s no going back. In fact, as our correspondent in the city reports, Baghdad citizens nearly universally agree, if there was any doubt about whether the nation is in the middle of a bloody civil war, Saddam’s execution has put those doubts to rest. Not only is the execution blamed by Sunnis and moderate Shias alike on Nouri al-Maliki, the decision to execute the former dictator on the Eid al-Adha is viewed as a direct insult to Sunnis. Salih Muahaed al-Mutleq, the leader of the Sunni-supported Iraqi National Dialogue Front (the fifth largest political list in the Iraqi National Assembly), said in a telephone interview that it was a mistake to view Saddam’s execution “solely as an American decision.” This is, he said, “a common mistake in Iraq and particularly among Sunnis. It is also a mistake for the Americans to view the execution as somehow a miscalculation. This was an Iranian decision and it was directed against all Sunnis.” Mutleq’s views might be dismissed as typically Sunni, but as one of the chief negotiators for the Sunnis over the writing of the Constitution, Mutleq is in a better position to understand Maliki, and the Dawa Party, than (in his words) “the class of scholars in Washington who style themselves Iraq experts.” Mutleq derives his credibility from his history as an outspoken Saddam critic — albeit the leader of a community in which Saddam might be expected to retain significant popularity. “I am personally against Saddam and I wanted him to be tried and punished for his crimes against the Iraqi people,” Mutleq said. “But the way that Maliki behaved showed that the hanging was motivated by sectarian hatreds. The significance of its impact on Iraqis and Sunnis cannot be underestimated. It is now clear that it was implemented not by official elements, in spite of Maliki’s approval, as much as it was by the al-Mahdi criminal militias.” Dr. Kheir al-Deen Haseeb, the Director General of the Center of Arab Unity Studies in Baghdad — a man widely viewed, like Mutlek, as a well-known Sunni anti-Saddam activist (he was imprisoned and tortured by Saddam’s secret police before leaving his country) — also blames Maliki for the way in which Saddam’s execution went forward. “Everyone focuses on the cries of ‘Moqtada, Moqtada, Moqtada ,’” he says. “But the place where Saddam was hanged was carefully chosen to show Sunnis that none of them are safe. It was chosen because it is highly sectarian. The Al-Kadimiyah area is fully Shia. Why would they take him there if this was not a sectarian murder, but a legal execution? In normal cases all executions take place in Baghdad Central Prison.” Haseeb is not only outspoken in his condemnation of the execution, but enraged by those who believe that the execution was “botched” — that it was a matter of simply incompetence on the part of the Maliki government that embarrassed them. “This was done quite purposely. There was no embarrassment involved,” he says. Haseeb also condemns the idea that the videotaping of the execution was a matter of circumstance. “This was well-planned,” he says, “and was carried out by a member of the Iraqi Parliament. The parliamentary member who did this is Mariam al-Rayes.” (Repeated calls to Ms. Al-Rayes for her response to this claim were not returned. We note that there is some disagreement on this point, — it was earlier reported by [2] Newsweek that the recording was made by Ali Al Massedy, Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki’s official videographer.) Haseeb is quietly certain that it was Al-Rayes, a former member of the National Assembly and Nouri al-Maliki’s foreign policy advisor, who did the taping. Al-Rayes is emerging as one of Prime Minister Maliki’s most important advisors, and was outspoken in criticizing Arab governments who did not quash protests that erupted following the execution. There should be no period of mourning for the dictator, Al-Rayes said in the wake of the execution, and those Arab nations who called for mourning should be viewed as enemies of the Iraqi people. “This is a confiscation of the rights of thousands of Iraqis who died under the oppression of the [Saddam] regime,” she said. Another hint of Iran’s role in the execution comes from a recent [3] BBC report, stating that the execution took place “at an especially constructed gallows at a compound that once served as the military intelligence headquarters of the former regime. This was the building where those accused of aiding Iraq’s former foe, Iran, were brought during the Sunni ascendancy.” The message for the Bush Administration should be clear: shifts in military strategy cannot undo the fact that the political struggle for Iraq has already been lost. |
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Hey, Doc what would happen if a country that we helped out got pissed by
our government. Would it be like we were fighting ourselves. |
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Topic:
hmmm
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Moving Beyond Anti-War Politics
by Phyllis Bennis and Robert Jensen / April 28th, 2007 As Congress sends its bill requiring partial troop withdrawals from Iraq to the White House for a certain veto, it has never been clearer that mobilizing against this war is necessary, but not enough. Congressional Democrats may be willing to stop there, but demanding the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq is only the first of our obligations to help create the conditions for real justice and peace in the Middle East and around the world. It’s crucial that we also advocate for an entirely new foreign policy based on opposition to the long U.S. drive toward empire. That first step is, of course, crucial. When 78 percent of the Iraqi people oppose the presence of U.S. troops and 61 percent support attacks on those troops, it’s clear that our presence in the country is causing — not preventing — much of the violence. Pulling out U.S. troops (including the 100,000-plus mercenaries who back the U.S. military) won’t eliminate all Iraqi-on-Iraqi violence, but it will remove the reason many Iraqis are fighting. That would take away the protective umbrella that the widely supported anti-occupation violence currently gives the real terrorists — those engaged in killing civilians for political or sectarian reasons. Once U.S. forces are gone and the reason for the legitimate resistance to foreign occupation is eliminated, the ugly terrorist violence will be exposed for what it is — and it will be possible for Iraqis themselves to isolate the terrorists and eliminate them as a fighting force. But what comes after a U.S. withdrawal? We clearly owe the Iraqi people massive reparations for the devastation our illegal invasion has brought. Only in the United States is that illegality questioned; in the rest of the world it’s understood. Equally obvious around the world is that the decision to launch an aggressive war was rooted in the desire to expand U.S. military power in the strategically crucial oil-rich region, and that as a result the war fails every test of moral legitimacy. As we organize against the occupation, we also must work to end U.S. support for Israeli occupation and try to prevent an aggressive war against Iran. But all of this is part of a larger obligation of U.S. citizens: We must challenge U.S. empire. The U.S. troop withdrawal and reparations should be accompanied by a declaration of a major change of course in U.S. foreign policy, especially in Iraq and the Middle East. We need a new foreign policy based on justice, relying on international law and the United Nations, rather than the assertion of might-makes-right. This takes us beyond a critique of the mendacity of the Bush administration, to recognize that similar dreams of conquest and domination have animated every administration, albeit in different forms. From the darling of the anti-communist liberal elite (John F. Kennedy) and the champion of so-called “assertive multilateralism” (Bill Clinton), to the crude Republican realist (Richard Nixon) and the patron saint of the conservative right (Ronald Reagan), U.S. empire in the post-World War II era has been a distinctly bipartisan effort. In his 1980 State of the Union address, President Jimmy Carter called for domination of the Middle East: “An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force.” In other words: We run the region and control the flow of its oil. George W. Bush took earlier administrations’ power plays to new heights of reckless militarism and unilateralism, seizing the moment after 9/11 to declare to all nations: “Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists. From this day forward, any nation that continues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by the United States as a hostile regime.” In other words: We demand global capitulation. The only way to transcend this ugly history is through an honest national dialogue and a promise of a sea change in U.S. policy. Look around the world at the results of U.S. strategies. Rhetoric about democracy and free trade has masked the enforcement of political and economic subordination to the United States and U.S.-based multinational corporations. The people of Latin America, much of Africa and the Middle East, and many parts of Asia can offer compelling testimony to the impact of those policies, enforced now through more than 700 U.S. military bases spread across the globe in over 130 countries. Such empires are typically brought down from outside, with great violence. But we have another option, as citizens of that empire who understand how this pathology of power damages our country as well as the world. Imagine what would be possible if we — ordinary citizens of this latest empire — could build a movement that gave politicians no choice but to do the right thing. Imagine what would be possible in the world if an anti-empire movement were strong enough to make it clear that ending military violence requires a just distribution of the resources of this world. Imagine what is possible if we work to make inevitable one day what seems improbable today — the justice that makes possible real peace. Phyllis Bennis is a Fellow of the Institute for Policy Studies and author of Challenging Empire: How People, Governments and the UN Defy U.S. Power. She can be reached at: pbennis@ips-dc.org. Robert Jensen is a professor of journalism at the University of Texas at Austin and author of Citizens of Empire: The Struggle to Claim Our Humanity. He can be reached at: rjensen@uts.cc.utexas.edu. Read other articles by Phyllis Bennis and. |
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The latest report I saw is that at a minimum 3,065 members of US armed forces have been murdered in Iraq by Bush, Cheney and the neocons. And I use “murder” as a technical term – I was originally hired here to teach criminal law; taught it for a number of years. And murder involves voluntary killing with malice of forethought. It is very clear that Bush, Cheney, Rice, Rumsfeld, all the neocons lied their way into this war and murdered those troops. These troops are our mothers and our fathers, our brothers and our sisters, and ours sons and our daughters, and we are going to have to stop this war and save them from being further murdered by Bush and these fanatical neocons. We also saw just yesterday in the New York Times that the Pentagon had a report on its website indicating that in fact 50,000 troops had been injured in Iraq, and not the lower figure they had been using of 20,000. They back tracked on this figure, all up and down. The Pentagon always lies about US casualties in wartime. My guess is that the real figure are a lot more than what that they are reporting. And then of course the dead Iraqis… Bush, Cheney, Rumsfeld, Rice, and the rest of them have murdered a minimum of 650,000 Iraqis (according to the Lancet report last Spring). And if you extrapolate from that we are up to 700,000. And the longer this goes on those figures are going to increase for both Americans and Iraqis. My guess is that given the surge we are going to see a bloodbath in Baghdad, for both the civilian population of Baghdad and US armed forces… We really have to stop this bloodbath, we have to pull these troops out, and we have to get rid of Bush and Cheney. At a minimum, we owe it to our armed forces that have been put in harm’s way in our name to stop this war, and to stop, certainly, further development of conflict and violence to Iran which could set up a regional, if not, a global war. — Francis A. Boyle, Stopping the Guns of War, A-Infos Radio Project, 31 Jan. 2007. Very important interview. The quoted segment starts at the 23:25 min mark. Pentagon Undercounts Number of Troops Injured … the Pentagon is being accused of undercounting the number of troops injured in Iraq and Afghanistan. If you looked at the Pentagon’s website last month, it would have appeared that about 47,000 soldiers had been injured in the two wars. But now the figure on the website has dropped to less than 32,000. The Pentagon is no longer including troops who suffered what it considers minor injuries or mental illness. — DemocracyNow, 5 Feb 2007. So far, what exactly is surging in Iraq? U.S. casualties, which are at a post-invasion high: According to an Associated Press analysis, more American troops were “killed in combat in Iraq over the past four months — at least 334 through Jan. 31 — than in any comparable stretch since the war began”; and February, with 34 American deaths in its first nine days, is exceeding this pace. These loses are largely due to roadside bombs (IEDs) and to the fact that U.S. troops are now engaged in almost continuous urban warfare. Before the invasion of Iraq, the possibility of fighting an urban war in the Iraqi capital’s streets and alleys was the American high command’s personal nightmare. Now, it’s their reality — and the President’s surge plan can only make it more nightmarish. —Tom Engelhardt, Surging into Catastrophe in Iraq, TomDispatch, 12 Feb. 2007. (Introduction to an article by Michael Schwartz.) At least 800 civilians under contract to the Pentagon have been killed and more than 3,300 hurt in Iraq doing jobs normally handled by the U.S. military… It is not clear how many of the employees are American but the casualty figures make it clear that the Defense Department’s count of more than 3,100 U.S. military dead does not tell the whole story. —Iraq war claims 800 Pentagon contractors’ lives, PressTV, 24 Feb. 2007. Commentary on recent developments The report on the urban-rural mix in the US forces is worth reading. Remembrance down the Memory Hole… Several of the “remembrance” websites are starting to neglect updating their output. The Seattle Times website has not been updated since March 2004. The Baltimore Sun stopped reporting on February 11, 2005. Why this data sheet? The US military doesn’t allow the compilation and publication of Iraqi casualties, and it is very difficult to know how bloody the occupation of Iraq has resulted. The only indication of the intensity of the conflict are the military fatalities. We can use this as a proxy measure to determine if the occupation is a bloody quagmire or if the dust is finally settling on the rubble. Furthermore, as demonstrated elsewhere, the Pentagon and their media surrogates are attempting to hide the true extent of the carnage among its soldiers. It is very difficult to find accurate fatality figures, the classification of fatalities leads to exclusion in the official death tally (e.g., contractors are excluded), and the number of errors creeping into the official fatality reports is increasing, e.g., fatalities originally reported, but then not confirmed; long delays in reporting; excluding the subsequent deaths of wounded soldiers after they were transferred out of Iraq. If it is only the American and British fatalities that are going to stop this bloody occupation of Iraq then it behooves us to amplify the information on these fatalities – primarily to counteract the attempts by the Pentagon and its media surrogates to cover this over. Another means to determine the intensity of the resistance against the US-uk troops is to analyze the average daily death toll for each month (first column). The center column pertains to a linear trend of the average fatality rate – enables one to obtain some (limited) perspective of how this will continue. The last column is the percentage of “hostile” fatalities out of the total for the month. Year or Month Average US-uk fatalities per day (inc. hostile and other; 1-May-03 thru 23-Feb-07) Linear trend of av. fatalities p/day Pct of fatalities due to hostile action 2003† 1.5 1.8 63% 2004 2.4 2.1 85% 2005 2.4 2.3 81% Jan 06 2.2 2.5 88% Feb 06 2.1 2.5 83% Mar 06 1.0 2.5 90% Apr 06 2.6 2.5 87% May 06 2.5 2.6 87% Jun 06 2.0 2.6 93% Jul 06 1.5 2.6 91% Aug 06 2.1 2.6 89% Sep 06 2.5 2.6 88% Oct 06 3.5 2.7 94% Nov 06 2.5 2.7 91% Dec 06 3.6 2.7 88% Jan 07 2.9 2.7 94% Feb 07 3.1* 2.8 94%* The trend was calculated using monthly data using a simple linear regression (using only complete monthly data). The forecast and the trends indicated in the graph were derived from daily data. There have been some amendments to the early data because CentCom recently released data pertaining to earlier fatalities. (*) Asterisk indicates a statistic was computed on incomplete monthly data. (†) Indicates statistic computed from May until Dec. 2003. (!!): simply not credible. (d): long delays in reporting. The US and British armies are professional. (NB: a propaganda-compliant means of referring to them is: “volunteer army,” which they are not.) As soon as an army hires soldiers then there is a concern that it will not be representative of the population at large, and that it will hire minorities or poor in disproportionate numbers. The table below provides the race/ethnic composition of the US-uk fatalities, and the main objective is to determine if some minority groups are over-represented. The reader is responsible for the interpretation. Race/ethnic group of US-uk soldiers (1-May-03 – 23-Feb-07) US number pct UK number pct White 2,308 75.5% 94 95.9% Black / Afro-American 278 9.1% 1 1.0% Hispanic 337 11.0% 0 0.0% Other 89 2.9% 3 3.1% NA 43 1.4% 0 0.0% Total 3,055 98 Women 73 2.4% 2 2.0% Classification done by author from photographs, last names, and additional archival search. This is an imperfect means of classification, but no other source is available. This article deals specifically with the US Army composition and that of the fatalities. Alternative official source. Age of US-uk military fatalities post 1-May-03 thru 23-Feb-07 Age interval Percentage age <= 25 57.9% 25 < age <= 35 30.5% 35 < age <= 45 9.7% 45 < age <= 55 1.8% 55 < age <= 65 0.1% Statistics about the overall cost of the war (blood and money) The cost of the Occupation of Iraq: US-uk Military Fatality Forecast (using data thru 23-Feb-07) Period from 1-May-2003 until: Fatality forecast 1 May 2007 3,341 31 Dec. 2006 4,056 NB: this forecast DOES NOT include the fatalities which occurred during the “hot” phase of the war, i.e., before 1 May 2003. The forecast is based on a simple linear regression – it doesn’t attempt to be fancy in forecasting the threat potential, etc. However, even such a simple method yields good forecasts. The data used for the forecast is »daily« data – performs better than monthly data. NB: the point of this forecast is to give an indication of the terrible toll this occupation will exact; it is by no means presented in a callous fashion. US military fatalities in Iraq as a percentage of the total number killed during the Vietnam War US fatalities in: Number/Pct Iraq 3,195 Vietnam 58,178 Iraq/Vietnam 5.5 pct Source: The number of US fatalities listed on the Vietnam War Memorial. For the US fatalities in Iraq, the 140 US military killed during the “hot phase of the war” was added to the total number of fatalities tallied for the occupation period. NB: In both cases the number of fatalities understates the actual number of US personnel killed. For example, US State Dept. employees or other non-DOD government employees are not counted in these tallies. In Iraq, several embassy employees were killed, but not counted. Similarly, mercenaries or contractors aren’t counted. In Vietnam, ditto. Explanation: The number of fatalities in the database used for this study includes: (1) fatalities in the US, but caused in Iraq (and not in the official count); (2) State Department personnel. There are about 20 of these in total. Main foreign military forces in Iraq (in theater only) Provenance Estimated numbers Date/Source United States 132,000 (at least) 20 Feb. 2007 [1] “Contractors” & mercenaries 20,000 – 30,000 14 Oct 2004 [2] UK 7,100 Feb 2007[3] Source: [1] BBC News, 20 Feb. 2007. NB: The total number of US troops in Iraq in May 2003 was 148,000, and this level has been surpassed on various occasions during the occupation phase. 165,000 is the highest number to date – this was during the occupation phase, and not the hot war phase. There have been recent reports (Oct 2006) that there will recent be a 15,000 increase of US troops in Iraq in the coming months – bringing the total to about 155,000. [2] On 13 Oct. 2004, Phyllis Bennis stated that the second largest contingent of soldiers were “contractors” – there are more of them than UK soldiers. She quoted an estimate of 20,000; at present 17 contractors are dying p/month. Ha’aretz quoted an estimate of 30,000 in July 2004. On 25 May 2006, Andy Bearpark, the head of the British Association of Security contractors stated that there were between 15,000 and 20,000 contractors in Iraq, and out of these 5,000 are British. NB: In November 2006, it was revealed that the number of contractors in Iraq had tripled since 2005 – so the above number is likely an underestimate of the size of this contingent. [3] BBC, Blair announces Iraq troops cut, BBC Online, 21 Feb. 2007. For an alternative source see GlobalSecurity estimates. Cost of the US-Iraq war Through June 2004 [1] US$151bn Estimate through 23-Feb-07 [2] US$368bn As a percentage of the Cost of the Vietnam War 62 pct [1] Source: Phyllis Bennis [2] Updating using the estimates from the “Times Square” cost meter which is based on the following formula: “increases at a rate of $177 million per day, $7.4 million per hour and $122,820 per minute”. Please note that Bennis’s estimate refers only to the US budget allocations, and refer only to costs once the war started (Source: personal communication). These figures exclude: lead-up to the war, increasing “security” costs in the US, reduced trade with Arab countries, etc. The true cost of this war, if it can be computed at all, is much higher. NB: The Pentagon recently reported that the cost p/month of the war had gone from US$4bn to US$5.8bn. Since these figures were reported by UPI, they will not be used until better estimates are published elsewhere. The current monthly cost estimate used to generate the current figure is about US$5.3bn/month. The cost of the Vietnam War in 2004 dollar terms was put at US$597bn by the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Alternative estimates can be found here. Also see Phyllis Bennis article. Joseph Stiglitz is deriving a figure in the trillions of dollars due to the medical costs that will continue for decades, see here. And finally: National Priorities estimate. Is president Bush empathy-impaired or maybe callous? Judge for yourself. Number of times president Bush has visited wounded soldiers or been present at funerals since May 1st 2003. Funerals 0 Hospital visits 5 Jog around the White House with veteran limb-amputee with leg prostheses 1 Related article Source: White House list of events schedule is checked regularly. Explanatory Notes: The propaganda-compliant terminology for the post-May 1st period is “after the end of major combat operations.” Of course, conceding that the US is occupying Iraq would mean that another justification for this war was a sham. This is the reason the common media terminology aims to avoid the usage of the word “occupation”. The military fatality statistics are collated for the post May-1st period because this refers exclusively to the enforcement of the occupation of Iraq. Including the earlier fatalities would be confusing because it would include those incurred during the “hot war”. The nature of these fatalities is different, and therefore they should be analyzed separately. Furthermore, the concern now is to end the occupation of Iraq, and therefore Americans should be aware of the cost of this current policy Honest accounting would dictate the inclusion of all the military fatalities enforcing the occupation, and thus include British, Italians, Spanish, etc. It would be ideal to be able to include mercenary fatalities too — alas, no data is available. However, there is much work involved in collating quality data, and hence the data was restricted to the US and “uk” (yes, lowercase “uk” because they are less than 10% of the “coalition” contingent.) NB: Whereas in previous conflicts “casualties” referred to both fatalities and wounded soldiers, in the current Pentagon arrogant and grisly accounting the wounded soldiers have been ignored. The statistics it makes available refer only to US military fatalities. This analysis also aims to be as accurate as possible, and any observation about its accuracy should sent to Amplifications & Corrections. On the data used. All entries are obtained from the US and UK military websites in the list found below. All the soldiers killed in Iraq or who were listed as “supporting the operations in Iraq” are included here — that is, some soldiers killed in Kuwait or in the Persian Gulf were also included here. Furthermore, if there is a good indication that a person was directly employed by the US-uk armies, then their fatality was also included. For example, in August a translator wearing a US army uniform was killed — he was included in this tally. There are a few instances where via Reuters or AP references can be found to fatalities, but subsequently these are not found in the official military sites. The unconfirmed fatalities are included if found in two or more reputable sources, e.g., Reuters, AP, BBC. All entries have been cross-checked with the Iraq Coalition Casualty Count database, and there is a less than 1% discrepancy (14 in February 2005). NB: the figures tallied here contain some suicides of soldiers that occurred outside the US – these are never counted by the usual sources. There are also some fatalities due to contagious diseases (e.g., encephalitis) contracted in Iraq. |
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While the world has been busy with the specter of a major war in the
Middle East, the American public has been getting very little news coverage about the Palestinians and the continuation of the oppressive Israeli measures. As the world comes closer to the war on Iraq which now appears imminent, many of us are more concerned not only about the major loss in civilian lives in Iraq but also about the potential tragedy that is expected to unfold in the West Bank and Gaza. Credible analysis about the true motives behind the war and the real objectives of the Bush Administration has confirmed that Israel has a vested interest in the looming war on Iraq and that Israel is expected to reap major gains from the war. In his article "The US Gameplan for Iraq" former CIA political analyst for 29 years, Bill Christison, gave a complete analysis of the apparent and hidden objectives from the almost certain war on Iraq. He classified and analyzed all the reasons being discussed by the media and the public, and explained that the true reasons were the oil and the present administration's desire for world domination, including domination of the Middle East by Israel, the US surrogate power. One of the obvious reasons that has not been mentioned by most analysts, however, is the diversion from (or cover up for) what Israel is doing in the West Bank and Gaza, and from what it plans to do. In an article titled "As the world focuses on Iraq, the bodies pile up in Gaza" (the Independent, February 23, 2003) reporter Justin Huggler asks pointedly from Gaza "Is the Israeli military taking advantage of a time when the world is not paying attention to what is going on here, when media coverage is focusing on Iraq, to step up its campaign in the occupied territories?" The answer is obviously 'yes' and Huggler explains that the restraints imposed on Israeli repression against the Palestinians have in the past come from world public opinion only. That public opinion is now busy elsewhere. A more important reason for concern is what Israel might be planning for the Palestinian residents of the West Bank and Gaza. Academic observers and analysts of the question on Palestine, both in Israel and in the United States, have warned about a potential major disaster if Israel makes good on threats being vocalized by Israeli extremists regarding further ethnic cleansing; many extremists in the government, and most settlers, have threatened to expel Palestinians from population centers in the West Bank and Gaza across international borders into Jordan and Egypt. These academics and observers have warned that as the world gets more pre-occupied with the war on Iraq, the Israeli military will manufacture excuses to conduct another in a series of ethnic cleansing steps which started in 1948. In her article titled "Threats of Forced Mass Expulsion" (Le Monde Diplomatique, February 19, 2003), Amira Hass, the only Israeli reporter who lives in a West Bank city (Ramallah), confirms that the idea of "transfer" of Palestinians forcibly or through enticement is gaining momentum across the political spectrum of Israeli society. Amira Hass asserts "Some 73% of those who live in the Jewish settlements, euphemistically known as development towns, believe that Israel should encourage its Arab population to leave. This rises to 76% among Jews from the former Soviet Union and to 87% among religious Jews." In the same article, Amira Hass further confirms that mini transfers have indeed already started: The presence of military pacifists in the occupied territories has not prevented "mini-transfers". Faced with non-stop harassment from their 500 Jewish neighbours and a round-the-clock military curfew designed to protect settlers, many Palestinians have moved out of the ancient city of Hebron. In the northern West Bank 180 Palestinian villagers in Yanun were forced to abandon their homes and relocate after increased harassment from the neighbouring Jewish settlement of Itamar. Other expulsions have taken place because of the construction of Israel's infamous wall. Though such "mini-transfers" have come to the attention of the Israeli public and resulted in demonstrations, the loss of land and homes over the past two years has left the Palestinians feeling dispossessed. Considering this growing acceptance of the "transfer" idea within Israeli society, and the fact that the world will soon be even more pre-occupied with the war on Iraq and the problems that the war will create, Israel could be expected to uphold its reputation of committing further atrocities and manufacturing excuses to justify them. It should be expected that such atrocities will include the "transfer," at least through increased harassment by the settlers and at most by the Israeli authorities with the backing of the occupation forces. President Bush continues with his efforts to try to appease the Arabs and Moslems by promising democracy for the Iraqis when he "liberates" Iraq and a state for the Palestinians where Israel must stop building settlements. Apparently this is the best he can do, to stop Israel from building settlements. It is unknown how he plans to do that or whether he plans to ask, or beg, Sharon the "man of peace" to stop, just like he asked him in April 2002 to withdraw the Israeli forces from the West Bank "without delay." President Bush is making promises to people who do not believe or trust him. If he wanted to build some trust with the Arabs and Moslems, President Bush knows how to regain his credibility; he would ask Sharon to pull his troops out from the West Bank immediately and end the Israeli occupation regime. As the world gets closer by the day to a devastating war on Iraq, the world community, including President Bush, must be mindful of the actions of the Israeli settlers and the Israeli military in the West Bank and Gaza. The world, especially the Middle East, does not need and can not withstand another human tragedy in the form of a few million refugees. The Palestinians have been victimized through frequent transfers and ethnic cleansing since 1948. The world has the responsibility to insure that Palestinians of the West Bank and Gaza will not suffer the agony of yet another major transfer from their ancestral homeland. Michael S. Ladah is an Arab American who lived and worked in various parts of the Middle East. He is the author of Quicksand, Oil and Dreams: The Story of One of Five Million Dispossessed Palestinians. He may be reached at: mikeladah@hotmail.com |
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New Hemp Farming Act Allows Only 0.3 percent THC Why is THC so important to the hemp plant? And human race? THC is like a prophylactic. The bud is the sex organ that produces seed. THC coats it to protect it. The colder it is the more THC is produced. Stress produces THC. If you have a plant that is producing less than 8 percent you have holes in your condom. If you have 8 percent or more it will protect it. Beginning at about 42 degrees it will start producing more THC. When down to 32 or 34 degrees, there will be so much THC they will look almost like they’re covered with ice. It just gets thicker and thicker. How would an orange grow if you took off half its peel? As a farmer, you want to make sure you give that plant every chance to grow and be healthy. If there is 8 percent or more THC, they can survive outside below freezing with protection, like a plastic sheet over them. Eddy Lepp - www.eddysmedicinalgardens.com Jack Herer P.S. We agree with the rest of the Bill, just not the THC percentage. We are strongly against that part! The human race will not survive without this plant. How to Save the World with Cannabis/Hemp/Marijuana! This is my work in progress. I'm entering it into the Virgin Earth Challenge to stop global warming. Plant hemp on 600 million acres of secondary farm land in the United States. Plant hemp on 600 million to 1 billion acres of secondary farm land in Canada. Plant hemp on 1 to 2 billion acres of secondary farm land in Russia and Siberia. Plant hemp on 1 to 2 billion acres of secondary farm land in Africa. Plant hemp on 500 million acres of secondary farm land in South America. Plant hemp on ? acres in Australia. Plant hemp on ? acres in Asia. Plant hemp on ? acres in Europe. All fuel will be made of methanol or a derivative of hemp. All fossil fuel, oil, coal, and natural gas will no longer be used. It will stay in the ground for emergency only. For example, when we had the earthquake Krakatoa, there was about two years that the sun was blocked in that area. All paper will be made from hemp. No trees will be cut for paper. That's the way it was 130 years ago. That will save half the trees on the planet that would otherwise be cut down in the next 30 years. All the trees will be healthier and bigger. Most building material will be made from hemp composite. 20 to 50 percent of all proteins for food will be made from hemp seeds. In China, from 5,000 years ago to about 150 years ago, approximately 50 percent of all food was made from hemp seeds. And 20 percent of all food in Europe. On the Chinese border from Laos to Nepal to Tibet to Afghanistan all the way up to the northern border of Upper Mongolia, 50 percent of all proteins for food is still made out of hemp, and 90 percent of all butter. This starts on either side of the border to about 100 miles away from the border. No more cotton for clothing, unless it is raised organically. Clothing will mostly be made from hemp, bamboo, soy and flax. Dr. Raphael Mechoulam in Israel believes that 30 percent of all medicines will be made out of cannabis or combinations of cannabis and other drugs. The arid land from the Sahara all the way across the world will be planted with hemp. People from 18 to 30 years of age, throughout the world, will join a different kind of military, the Hemp Corps, for planting and harvesting and packaging hemp. In return for four years of duty, they will receive four years of college paid by the government. People will live about two year's longer using cannabis. Everything will be a lot more fun. There will be new jobs for everybody. The auto industry will build cars mostly from hemp. Computer companies will build computers of hemp. Furniture will be made of hemp cloth and hemp composite wood. Hemp grows everywhere, from the Equator to the Arctic Circle, from the valleys to about 6,000 feet up in the mountains. It's the healthiest of the 3 million plants that grow on Earth. It has the deepest roots. It's the only plant you can grow over and over each year, and the soil will only get better. People will be able to pay their taxes with hemp. I wrote my book, "The Emperor Wears No Clothes", 25 years ago. I have been teaching people how to save the world with cannabis/hemp/marijuana since 1979. Prove us wrong! Prove us wrong! Prove us wrong! We hereby extend our $100,000 challenge to prove us wrong! If all fossil fuels and their derivatives, as well as trees for paper and construction, were banned in order to save the planet, reverse the greenhouse effect and stop deforestation; then there is only one known annually renewable natural resource that is capable of providing the overall majority of the world's paper and textiles; meet all of the world's transportation, industrial and home energy needs, while simultaneously reducing pollution, rebuilding the soil and cleaning the atmosphere all at the same time... and that substance is the same one that has done it before . . . CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA! CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is the only known plant that can be grown from the Equator to the Arctic Circle and to the Antarctic Circle; from the mountains to the valleys, from the oceans to the plains, including arid lands and everywhere in between. CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is the healthiest plant for the ground out of the 300,000 known species, and the millions and millions of subspecies, of plants on Earth, because it has a root system that grows 10 to 12 inches in 30 days compared to one inch for rye, barley grass, etc. The roots penetrate up to 6 feet deep, pulverizing the soil and making it arable. After harvest it leaves a root system that is mulched into the ground, revitalizing the land and making it live once again. It is the KING KONG of the King Kongs of all plant life. All of my information about CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA has been taken from Federal and State Department of Agriculture reports, articles from Popular Mechanics, Popular Science, Pulp & Paper Magazine, Scientific American, entries from encyclopedias and pharmacopoeias, and studies from all over the world during the last 200 years. This is all public information. The United States government is hiding the fact that 125 years ago, and even as far back as 4000 BC, 80% of our economy was based on the use of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA for paper, fiber and fuel. Ten to 20% of our drug economy was based on CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA medicines, 125 years ago. CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA was part of our everyday life. Virtually every farm and every plot of land in the cities and towns across the United States and the world, from 100-125 years ago and before, had a CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA patch growing. The U.S. government's cover-up of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA outrages me and it should outrage you, too. I have been studying CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA for over 30 years, and I can't believe how the U.S. government, in 90 seconds in Congress, could outlaw "MARIJUANA" in 1937, without the people realizing they were outlawing CANNABIS/HEMP, the most perfect plant for the planet! They even got other countries to outlaw it, too, after the Second World War and beyond. From 1740 to 1940, 80% of all the world's CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA was grown (mostly by Cossacks, who were indentured servants), and then imported from, Russia. I will again reiterate a few of the facts about CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA, which you already know from reading my book, "The Emperor Wears No Clothes." CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA was the NUMBER ONE annually renewable natural resource for 80% of all paper, fiber, textiles and fuel, from 6,000 years ago until about 125 years ago. Furthermore, it was used for 5 to 50% of the food, light, land and soil reclamation, and even 20% or more of all medicine. Everyone, from the educated to the uneducated, the farmer to the townsperson, the doctors and the scientists used CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA products and depended on them.75 to 90% of all paper used from at least 100 AD to 1883 was made of CANNABIS/HEMP. Books, (including Bibles), money and newspapers all over the world have been mainly printed on CANNABIS/HEMP for as long as these things have existed in human history. One hundred and 25 years ago, 70 to 90% of all rope, twine, cordage, ship sails, canvas, fiber, cloth, etc., was made out of CANNABIS/HEMP fiber! It was replaced by DuPont's newly discovered petrochemical fiber (nylon) beginning in 1937. By comparison, CANNABIS/HEMP is 4 times softer than cotton, 4 times warmer, 4 times more water absorbent, has 3 times the strength of cotton, is many times more durable, is flame retardant, and doesn't use pesticides. Fifty percent of all pesticides are used on cotton, yet cotton uses only 1% of the farmland in the U.S! CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is the most health giving plant on Earth and it doesn't require pesticides or herbicides! It is the healthiest plant for human consumption, and for the Earth itself. Eighty percent of our economy depended on CANNABIS/HEMP for paper, fiber and fuel, 125 years ago. At that time, it took 300 man-hours to harvest an acre of CANNABIS/HEMP, but with the invention of the brand new HEMP decorticator in the 1930s, it only took 1-1/2 to 2 hours. This is equivalent to reducing the labor burden from $6,000 down to $40 per acre, in today's money. Keep in mind that the cotton gin, in 1793, reduced the man-hours from 300 hours down to 2 hours to harvest and clean an acre of cotton. CANNABIS/HEMP would have taken over the cotton market, as it is far superior to cotton, and pesticide free. The role of CANNABIS/HEMP should be determined by market supply and demand and not by undue influence of prohibition laws, federal subsidies and huge tariffs that keep the natural from replacing the synthetic. I repeat, CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is the KING KONG of the King Kongs of all plants! Of all the 300,000 species of plants on Earth, no other plant source can compare with the nutritional value of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA seeds. It is the only plant on Earth that provides us with the NUMBER ONE source, and the perfect balance of essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, globulin edestin protein, and essential oils all combined in one plant, and in a form which is most naturally digestible to our bodies. Prior to the 1800s, CANNABIS/HEMPSEED oil was the NUMBER ONE source for lighting oil throughout the world. Until 1937-38, even paints and varnishes were 80% CANNABIS/HEMPSEED oil. CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is non-toxic and has been used to make high-grade diesel fuel, oil, aircraft and precision oil and even the NUMBER ONE vegetable oil. The U.S. Army/Navy standards purchasing specifications list HEMP OIL as the NUMBER ONE preferred lubricant for their machinery. CANNABIS/HEMP is the best sustainable source of plant pulp for biomass fuel to make charcoal, gas, methanol, gasoline and electricity in a natural way. In 1850, 80% of all paper, fiber, fuel, and oil was made out of CANNABIS/HEMP in America and the rest of the world. This was before the discovery of coal and petroleum for energy in the late 1850s...before the start of the worst permanent pollution ever experienced on Earth... fossil fuel pollution (coal and petroleum)!! As a medicine, the worldwide use of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA goes back at least 6,000 years. Remember, 10 to 20%t of our medicines used to be CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA based medicines. It has been found to be healthy and effective in the treatment of chronic pain, cancer, strokes, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, sickle cell anemia, AIDS wasting and many other illnesses, including simple nausea, appetite stimulant, anxiety and muscle pains, etc. On September 6, 1988, the Drug Enforcement Administration's Chief Administrative Law Judge, Francis L. Young, ruled: "Marijuana, in its natural form, is one of the safest therapeutically active substances known to man," and asked the Drug Enforcement Administration to reschedule it. The DEA refused, keeping it as a Schedule I drug, which they say "has no known medical use"! Thousands of studies have been done all over the world, documenting the medical use of MARIJUANA (England, Spain, Hungary, Holland, and the U.S., just to name a few). No one has ever died from MARIJUANA in over 6,000 years of recorded history... unless they were shot by a COP! CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA was also used for land reclamation until 1915. CANNABIS/HEMP was planted or left to grow feral as ground cover and on riverbanks, and not intended for harvest. It is the NUMBER ONE plant in history used to prevent mudslides and loss of watershed, and river and soil erosion on Earth. It has been illegal to grow this NUMBER ONE plant in the United States since 1937.What disgusts me the most is how the U.S. government, as well as the people, knew about CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA and praised its value and then look what happened! In literally 90 seconds, the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 passed in Congress. By using the unknown name "MARIJUANA" instead of the familiar name "CANNABIS HEMP", Congress was able to accomplish this because no one knew what plant they were talking about. CANNABIS/HEMP became illegal and was replaced by petrochemical products, coal and natural gas. They made it such a banned and forbidden plant that the words "HEMP" and "CANNABIS/HEMP" were not even taught in schools from the 1940s, 50s and thereafter. The role of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA was erased from America's history (as well as most of the rest of the world's) after 1945. To prove it, think... what did you learn about CANNABIS/HEMP in grade school? High school? College? From your parents and grandparents? Nothing! (Unless it was from the underground press within the last 15 to 20 years.) The continuing suppression of this information by the U.S. government places us all in mortal jeopardy. I believe that, in order to save our planet, we must use non-fossil fuel energy. CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA, in conjunction with wind, solar, tidal and hydroelectric power, could save the planet by providing all of our energy, fuel, paper, fiber, and 10 to 20% of our medical needs, naturally. It would also reduce acid rain and chemical pollution, rebuild the soil, and reverse the greenhouse effect (no other plant can do this!). CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA was used to make over 25,000 products before it was outlawed in 1937. Why does the U.S. government want to eradicate this seed, out of all the seeds on Earth? They want to kill the most perfect plant on the planet. We must stop this insanity and demand that the laws against CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA be 100% repealed!! Federal Attorney General John Ashcroft, Drug Enforcement Administration head, Asa Hutchison, and White House Drug Czar, John Walters, have been given all of these proven facts and yet are still set against the legalization of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA and recognition of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIUANA knowledge. For whatever personal reasons, they refuse to believe the facts and are willing to sacrifice the future of our planet and the health of our people by keeping it illegal. The ban of CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is so extreme and its intention is to hide the truth. The truth is that out of the 300,000 species, and the millions and millions of subspecies, of plants on Earth, CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA is the NUMBER ONE plant for our survival and quality of life here on Earth. Since September 11, 2001, the U.S. government and Attorney General John Ashcroft have been calling MARIJUANA users "terrorists" and yet the government of the United States has been "terrorizing" MARIJUANA users for the last 65 years! There have been over 14 million arrests for CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA in the last 65 years, in the U.S. alone! 13 million were within the last 30 years! No one has taken the $100,000 challenge to prove me wrong. Why? Because I am right. The U.S. government has been lying to us since the early 1900s. Do economic interests and the police have more to say than the people about the future of our planet? How angry are you for being lied to by the U.S. government about CANNABIS/HEMP/MARIJUANA? Are you willing to make a stand right now? No one can dispute this information and knowledge. YOU have to join me in this fight. Either you are on the U.S. government's side or you are on my side. Please help me spread this everywhere. Thank you! Jack Herer www.jackherer.com 2/14/07 The Emperor Wears No Clothes by Jack Herer The book that started the hemp movement! Ordering Info Big, Big Government by John Stossel - co-anchor of ABC News' "20/20" Jan 31, 2007 Two weeks ago, U.S. drug agents launched raids on 11 medical-marijuana centers in Los Angeles County. The U.S. attorney's office says they violated the laws against cultivation and distribution of marijuana. Whatever happened to America's federal system, which recognized the states as "laboratories of democracy"? According to the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, 11 states (Alaska, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington) have eliminated the penalties for physician-approved possession of marijuana by seriously ill patients. In those states people with AIDS and other catastrophic diseases may either grow their own marijuana or get it from registered dispensaries. But the U.S. government says its drug laws trump the states' laws, and in 2005, the Supreme Court agreed. This is not the way it was supposed to work. The constitutional plan presented in the Federalist Papers delegated only a few powers to the federal government, with the rest reserved to the states. The system was hailed for its genius. Instead of having decisions made in the center -- where errors would harm the entire country -- most policies would be determined in a decentralized environment. A mistake in California would affect only Californians. New Yorkers, Ohioans, and others could try something else. Everyone would learn and benefit from the various experiments. It made a lot of sense. It still does. Too bad the idea is being tossed on the trash heap by big-government Republicans and their DEA goons. Drug prohibition -- like alcohol prohibition -- is a silly idea, as the late free-market economist Milton Friedman often pointed out. Something doesn't go away just because the government decrees it illegal. It simply goes underground. Then a black market creates worse problems. Since sellers cannot rely on police to protect their property, they arm themselves, form gangs, charge monopoly prices, and kill their competitors. Buyers steal to pay the high prices. Alcohol prohibition in the 1920s gave America Al Capone and organized crime. Drug prohibition has given us South American and Asian cartels that finance terrorism. Even the government admits that the heroin trade bankrolls terrorists. Prohibition's exorbitant black-market prices make that possible. In the United States, drug prohibition spawns gangs that are sometimes better armed than the police. Drug prohibition does more harm than drugs. The war on drugs hasn't even accomplished what it promised to do. Drugs are abundant and cheaper than ever. "ABC News" reported last month, "marijuana is the U.S.'s most valuable crop. The report, 'Marijuana Production in the United States,' by marijuana policy researcher Jon Gettman, concludes that despite massive eradication efforts at the hands of the federal government, 'marijuana has become a pervasive and ineradicable part of the national economy.'" The destructive failure of the drug war is why it makes so much sense to let states experiment, which 11 of them have done with medical marijuana. Legalizing only medical marijuana brings its own problems. For one thing, it invites state authorities to monitor the practice of medicine to make sure doctors don't prescribe pot promiscuously. But government officials shouldn't be the judges of what is and isn't medicine. That should be left to medical researchers, doctors, and patients. The effectiveness of medicine is too dependent on individual circumstances and biochemistry. One size does not fit all, so politicians and bureaucrats should butt out. More fundamentally, why should only people whom the state defines as sick be able to use marijuana? This is supposed to be a free country, and in a free country adults should have the right to ingest whatever they want. A drug user who harms someone else should be punished, but a peaceful user should be left alone. Despite my reservations about medical marijuana, the states' experimentation is still better than a brutal federal one-size-fits-all crackdown. There is no role here for the federal government. If the people of a state want to experiment by loosening drug prohibition, that should be their right. Washington should mind its own business. The feds and rest of us should watch. We might learn something. Mr. Stossel is co-anchor of ABC News' "20/20" and the author of "Myth, Lies, and Downright Stupidity: Get Out the Shovel -- Why Everything You Know is Wrong". Here are a couple of really good teaching graphics you can put on your website or MySpace or anywhere else you can think of! Thanks Chris Scala for helping me with them! Proposed Wording: California Cannabis Hemp & Health Initiative 2008 AN ACT TO AMEND THE HEALTH AND SAFETY CODE OF CALIFORNIA: I. Add Section 11357.5 to the Health and Safety Code of California, any laws or policies to the contrary notwithstanding: 1. No person, 21 years or older, shall be prosecuted, be denied any right or privilege, nor be subject to any criminal or civil penalties for the possession, cultivation, transportation, distribution, or consumption of cannabis/hemp/marijuana, including: (a) Cannabis hemp. (b) Hemp industrial products. (c) Hemp medicinal preparations. (d) Hemp nutritional products. (e) Hemp intoxicating products. 2. Definition of terms: (a) The term "cannabis hemp" means the plant hemp, cannabis, marihuana, marijuana, cannabis sativa L, cannabis americana, cannabis chinensis, cannabis indica, cannabis ruderalis, cannabis sativa, or any variety of cannabis, including any derivative, extract, flower, leaf, particle, preparation, resin, root, salt, seed, stalk, stem, or any product thereof. (b) The term "hemp industrial products" means all products made from cannabis hemp that are not designed or intended for human consumption, including, but not limited to: clothing, housing, paper, fiber, fuel, lubricants, plastics, paint, seed for cultivation, animal feed, veterinary medicine, oil, or any other product that is not designed for internal human consumption; as well as hemp plants used for crop rotation, erosion control, pest control, weed control, or any other horticultural or environmental purposes. (c) The term "hemp medicinal preparations" means all products made from cannabis hemp that are designed, intended, or used for human consumption for the treatment of any human disease or condition, for pain relief, or for any healing purpose, including but not limited to: the treatment or relief of Alzheimer's and pre-Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, asthma, cramps, epilepsy, glaucoma, immunodeficiencies, migraine, multiple sclerosis, nausea, PMS, side effects of cancer chemotherapy, fibromyalgia, sickle cell anemia, spasticity, spinal injury, stress, Tourette's syndrome, wasting syndrome from AIDS or anorexia; use as an antibiotic, antibacterial, anti-viral, or anti-emetic; as a healing agent, or as an adjunct to any medical or herbal treatment. (d) The term "hemp nutritional products" means cannabis hemp for human consumption as food, including but not limited to: seed, seed protein, seed oil, essential fatty acids, seed cake, dietary fiber, or any preparation or extract thereof. (e) The term "hemp intoxicating products" means cannabis hemp intended for personal use, other than hemp industrial products, hemp medicinal preparations, or hemp nutritional products. (f) The term "personal use" means the internal consumption of cannabis hemp by persons 21 years of age or older for any relaxational, spiritual, religious, recreational, or other purposes other than sale, that does not conflict with any statutory law not effected by this initiative. 3. Industrial hemp farmers, manufacturers, and distributors shall not be subject to any special zoning requirement, licensing fee, or tax that is excessive, discriminatory, or prohibitive. 4. Hemp medicinal preparations are hereby restored to the list of available medicines in California. Licensed physicians shall not be penalized for, nor restricted from, prescribing or recommending cannabis hemp for medical purposes to any patient, regardless of age. No tax shall be applied to prescribed hemp medicinal preparations. Medical research shall be encouraged. 5. Personal use of hemp intoxicating products. (a) No permit, license, or tax shall be required for the non-commercial cultivation, transportation, distribution, or consumption of cannabis hemp. (b) Testing for inactive and/or inert residual cannabis metabolites shall not be required for employment or insurance, nor be considered in determining employment. 6. Commerce in cannabis hemp intoxicating products shall be limited to adults, 21 years and older, and shall be regulated in a manner analogous to California's wine industry model. For the purpose of distinguishing personal from commercial production, up to 12 pounds (192 ounces) of dried, cured cannabis hemp flowers/bud (not leaf) produced per adult, 21 years or older, per year shall be considered as being for personal use. 7. The manufacture, marketing, distribution, or sales between adults of equipment or accessories designed to assist in the planting, cultivation, harvesting, curing, processing, packaging, storage, analysis, consumption, or transportation of cannabis hemp plants, industrial hemp products, hemp medicinal preparations, hemp nutritional products, hemp intoxicating products, or any cannabis hemp product shall not be prohibited. 8. No California law enforcement personnel or funds shall be used to assist or aid and abet in the enforcement of Federal cannabis/hemp/ marijuana laws involving acts which are hereby no longer illegal in the state of California. II. Repeal, delete, and expunge any and all existing statutory laws that conflict with the provisions of this initiative. 1. Enactment of this initiative shall include: immediate release from prison, jail, parole, and probation, and clearing, expungement, and deletion of all criminal records for all persons currently charged with, or convicted of any cannabis hemp/marijuana offenses included in this initiative which are hereby no longer illegal. 2. Within 60 days of the passage of this act, the Attorney General shall develop and distribute a one-page application, providing for the destruction of all cannabis/hemp/marijuana criminal records in California for any such offense covered by this act. Such forms shall be distributed to district and city attorneys and made available at all police departments in the state to persons hereby affected. Upon filing such form with the Attorney General and a payment of a fee of $10.00, all pertinent records anywhere in the state of California fisted in the form and covered by this act shall be destroyed. Such persons may truthfully state that they have never been convicted of any cannabis/hemp/marijuana related offense which is hereby no longer illegal. III. The legislature is authorized upon thorough investigation, to enact legislation using reasonable standards to: 1. License concessionary establishments to distribute hemp intoxicating products in a manner analogous to California's wine industry model. Sufficient community outlets shall be licensed to provide reasonable commercial access to persons of legal age, so as to discourage and prevent the misuse of and illicit traffic in such products. Any license requirement or fee shall not be excessive, discriminatory, nor prohibitive. 2. Place an excise tax on commercial production of hemp intoxicating products, analogous to California's wine industry model, so long as no excise tax or combination of excise taxes shall exceed $10.00 per ounce. 3. Determine an acceptable and uniform standard of impairment based on performance testing, to restrict persons impaired by hemp intoxicating products from operating a motor vehicle or heavy machinery, or otherwise engaging in conduct that may affect public safety. 4. Regulate the personal use of hemp intoxicating products in enclosed and/or restricted public places. IV. Pursuant to the Ninth and Tenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States, the people of California hereby repudiate and challenge Federal cannabis/hemp/marijuana prohibitions that conflict with this act. V. Severability: If any provision of this act, or the application of any such provision to any person or circumstance, shall be held invalid by any court, the remainder of this act, to the extent it can be given effect, or the application of such provisions to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby, and to this end the provisions of this act are severable. VI. Construction: If any rival or conflicting initiative regulating any matter addressed by this act receives the higher affirmative vote, then all non-conflicting parts shall become operative. VII. Purpose of Act: This act is an exercise of the police powers of the state for the protection of the safety, welfare, health, and peace of the people and the environment of the state, to protect the industrial and medicinal uses of cannabis hemp, to eliminate the unlicensed and unlawful cultivation, selling, and dispensing of cannabis hemp; and to encourage temperance in the consumption of hemp intoxicating products. It is hereby declared that the subject matter of this act involves, in the highest degree, the ecological, economic, social, and moral well-being and safety of the State and of all its people. All provisions of this act shall be liberally construed for the accomplishment of these purposes: to respect human rights, to promote tolerance, and to end cannabis hemp prohibition. Download this ebook for free! "The Reign of Law; a Tale of the Kentucky Hemp Fields" by James Lane Allen This was a bestseller in 1900 and it's all about our favorite subject cannabis/hemp/marijuana! Here is the free download link I'm 120 but my joints are OK December 04, 2006 A GREAT-great granny reveals how she has lived to be 120 ... by smoking CANNABIS every day. Fulla Nayak – believed to be the world’s oldest woman – puffs “ganja” cigars and drinks strong palm wine in her cow-dung hut in India. She lives with her 92-year-old daughter and grandson, 72, by the Indian Ocean. Fulla said: “I don’t know how I’ve survived so long. Many relatives much younger than me have died.” click here for original article My Mother and Alzheimer’s. And cancer. Around 1983, when my mother was 75 years old, she was in the first stages of Alzheimer’s disease. She came out to California from Miami Beach for six weeks to visit my children and me. My son, Barry went into the airport to get her, while I waited in the car. Although she had just seen him the year before, she didn’t recognize him and thought he was trying to pick her up. My older sister, Marlene, explained to me that was a symptom of the disease. At that time, I was just beginning to write a book called “The Emperor Wears No Clothes” about the history of hemp, including the medical history of cannabis. I had read many reports about diseases being treated with cannabis, including the first reports on Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. One report said that if you smoke marijuana morning, noon and night you won’t have a problem with Alzheimer’s. It won’t go away but it won’t progress and may even go backwards a little bit. My mother didn’t smoke except for maybe 10 tobacco cigarettes a year. When she came to California I gave her marijuana morning, noon and night. She smoked it and ate it. She had never tried it before. Prior to this, I was never able to really talk to my mother. Our conversations always consisted of her telling me to “don’t do this” or “don’t do that.” Now, for the first time, I was able to talk to my mother about everything including politics, family and about when she first came to the U.S. from Poland 60 years before. It was the most wonderful time in my whole life being able to talk with my mother like that. My only regret was that I didn’t give it to her when she was 45 or 55. After six weeks she had no symptoms of Alzheimer’s whatsoever. Then it was time for her to go back to Miami Beach to my stepfather. I sent her back with about 60 joints. I was planning on sending her 60 already rolled joints a month. When she got home she showed her husband what she was doing and he had a fit about her smoking so she quit. He said “You can’t smoke marijuana. I don’t care if you think it’s good for you or not. It’s against the law.” They threw away the 60 joints. Two years later my mother got so bad she was put into a hospital. One year later she didn’t recognize me or my children at all. She died in 1990. The last 4 years she didn’t recognize me at all when I came to visit. When I wrote the first edition (106 pages) of my book, I wrote that Alzheimer’s disease is best treated by using marijuana morning, noon, and night (not once in a while). Everyone thought I was crazy, including my brother and sister. I have kept up on all the information about marijuana for the last 30 years. I’ve known about the preliminary studies for Alzheimer’s since the early ‘80s. Two weeks ago it was reported on CNN and newspapers throughout the world that using marijuana is the best treatment for Alzheimer’s. If you use marijuana morning, noon and night it won’t progress. You may even get better. If you start using it when you’re 20 or 30 or 40, your chances are high you will not get Alzheimer’s. Cannabis has been proven to be many times more effective than the drugs currently being used to treat it. But marijuana is illegal in most places. Thirty percent of all medicines used 100 to 200 years ago were made out of compounds of natural marijuana. In 1964, researchers discovered the main ingredient is THC. No one has ever died from using marijuana. In 1974, Virginia Medical College in Richmond, Virginia did research on tumors of the lung, brain, liver and kidney using mice and rats. Incredible things were done. The cancer stopped growing and in most cases even reversed itself 100 percent. Some of the mice who were given cancer and treated with cannabis actually lived longer than some of the control mice who were not even given cancer! It was found that marijuana is the best thing to treat cancer of the lungs, brain, etc. After that they were stopped from doing anymore research at all by first Nixon and then Ford. No research with positive results could be done, only research with negative results. That’s the way it’s been since 1975 until now, even though a 1999 marijuana study turned out to be positive also. You live almost two years longer if you smoke marijuana morning, noon and night. This was the result of the most extensive research ever done (from 1968 to 1974). It was a $6,000,000 study done by Dr. Vera Ruben in Jamaica and Costa Rica. Today that same research would cost $150,000,000. If you smoke cigarettes and drink alcohol, you will lose approximately 8-24 years off your life. If you don’t smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol you will live (in the U.S.) until about 76 for a man and 78 for a woman. But if you smoke marijuana and don’t smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol, you live about two years longer than that. When this study came out in 1974, Nixon and then Ford dropped the most expensive research ever done on anything whatsoever. No more research of any type could be done on marijuana to prove the positive effects, only negative effects. From 1984 until now. Read my book “The Emperor Wears No Clothes” and get mad. The chapters are online free on this website. The reason I am writing this is because my friend, Ed Rosenthal, is on trial for marijuana. He was convicted in federal court two years ago and was sentenced to one day in prison by a federal judge. Ed fought this one day conviction and now the federal government is indicting him again. Ed and others in the hemp movement are the real American heroes and our government leaders are the real criminals. Please get this information out to everyone you know. Thank you. Jack Herer “This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it, or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it.” Abraham Lincoln First Inaugural Address MySpace profile: www.myspace.com/hempjack Site Space profile: www.sitespaces.net/profiles/jackherer Be sure to add me as a friend! A simple man's fight for truth, justice...and a plant. Why You Should Smoke More Pot The average lifespan in the United States is 76 for a man and 78 for a woman. But if you smoke pot morning, noon and night, you will live an average of two years longer than if you don’t. People who smoke pot but don’t smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol will live approximately 8 to 24 years longer than those who do smoke cigarettes and drink alcohol. This was proven in studies done by Dr. Vera Ruben on Rastafarians in Jamaica from 1968 to 1974. The Rastafarians lived up in the hills and were the poorest people in Jamaica. Everyone expected them to have the shortest lives but instead they had the longest lives. They smoked pot morning, noon and night. This study cost $6,000,000.00 and was an extremely comprehensive study. If the same study was done today it would cost approximately $125,000,000.00. In 1979 and 1980, the National Institute of Science did studies on Rastafarians in Costa Rica that proved the same results. There were only 100 copies of this study released to researchers who were working for the government. The only reason we have the results of this study is because someone managed to leak a copy to NORML in 1981. Between 1968 and 1975, there were about 10,000 marijuana studies done all over the world, but mostly in American universities and colleges. Approximately 4,000 of the studies were universal health studies. Almost all of them proved marijuana to be beneficial in every way. The few that were unfavorable were never proven by a second study. In 1974 and 1975, Dr. Donald Tashkin did research to prove marijuana was harmful to the lungs. He was the head of pulmonary research on marijuana at UCLA Hospital. He predicted that more people would develop lung cancer from smoking marijuana than from smoking tobacco. Dr. Tashkin was 100 percent positive that all of the studies about marijuana would come out negative in his lung research. He had the only study in the whole country from 1975 to 1999. After 1975 there was no more funding for positive marijuana studies of any type by the U.S. Government for any reason whatsoever. Only a negative study could get funding from the U.S. Government and Dr. Tashkin had almost all of it. I came out against Dr. Tashkin in 1979. In 1981, I was approached by Dr. Tashkin to take part in his study. I was protesting the marijuana laws on the front lawn of the Federal Building, 500 yards away from the UCLA Hospital and University on Wilshire Boulevard. I signed up (along with about 50 other pot protesters) for Dr. Tashkin’s study because all of the UCLA students refused to participate in his study after Ronald Reagan took office in January 1981. Dr. Tashkin saw us pot protesters every day at the Federal Building for 102 days. We weren’t college students and we smoked pot morning, noon and night. Once or twice a year I would have interviews with Dr. Tashkin. I told him about the positive effects of marijuana. We disagreed 100 percent and he was sure I was wrong. This was a long term study. I was paid $80.00 to $90.00 for each test from 1981 to the mid 1990s. Once or twice a year I would go smoke marijuana to get the pulmonary lung studies done and I would interview Dr. Tashkin as part of my research for my book, “The Emperor Wears No Clothes". I told Dr. Tashkin from 1981 to 1997 that no one gets lung cancer or any other type of cancer from marijuana because Dr. Vera Ruben and Dr. Todd Mikuriya had already each separately proven it. I had been doing research for my book since the early 1970s. Now Dr. Tashkin has come out and is saying the same things I said to him 25 years ago. There is no link between marijuana and lung cancer or any other type of cancer. In fact, Dr. Tashkin has found that marijuana, by killing off old cells that could become cancerous, can actually prevent cancer. If you want to live longer, smoke more pot. Jack Herer July 4, 2006 Stop Mudslides by Planting Cannabis/Hemp/Marijuana Until this last century, our pioneers and ordinary American farmers used Cannabis/Hemp/Marijuana to clear fields for planting, as a fallow year crop, and after forest fires to prevent mud slides and loss of watershed. Cannabis/Hemp/Marijuana seeds put down a 10 to 12-inch root in only 30 days, compared to the one-inch root put down by the rye or barley grass presently used by the U.S. Government. Southern California, Utah and other states used Cannabis/Hemp/Marijuana routinely in this manner until about 1915. It also breaks up compacted, overworked soil. Free the West Memphis Three Strange but true... Police summer hats are made of Cannabis/Hemp/Marijuana! See for yourself! Hemp - Required Agency Specifications! Louisiana State Police Ohio Highway Patrol Pennsylvania State Police For info about hemp building materials contact Alex White Plume at 605-685-5606 |
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The debate over the legalization of Cannabis Sativa, more commonly known
as marijuana, has been one of the most heated controversies ever to occur in the Inited States. Its use as a medicine has existed for thousands of years in many countries world wide and "can be documented as far back as 2700 BC in ancient Chinese writings." When someone says bhanga, ganja, kinnub, cannabis, bung, chu ts-ao, asa, dope, grass, rasta, or weed, they are talking about the same subject: marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized because the government could earn money from taxes on its sale, its value to the medical world outweighs its abuse potential, and because of its importance to the paper and clothing industries. This action should be taken despite efforts made by groups which say marijuana is a harmful drug which will increase crime rates and lead users to other more dangerous substances. The actual story behind the legislature passed against marijuana is quite surprising. According to Jack Herer, author of The Emperor Wears No Clothes and an expert on the "hemp conspiracy," the acts bringing about the demise of hemp were part of a large conspiracy involving DuPont, Harry J. Anslinger, commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, and many other influential industrial leaders such as William Randolph Hearst and Andrew Mellon. Herer notes that the Marijuana Tax Act, which passed in 1937, coincidentally occurred just as the decoricator machine was invented. With this invention, hemp would have been able to take over competing industries almost instantaneously. According to Popular Mechanics, "10,000 acres devoted to hemp will produce as much paper as 40,000 acres of average [forest] pulp land." William Hearst owned enormous timber acreage, land best suited for conventional pulp, so his interest in preventing the growth of hemp can be easily explained. Competition from hemp would have easily driven the Hearst paper-manufacturing company out of business and significantly lowered the value of his land. Herer even suggests popularizing the term "marijuana" was a strategy Hearst used in order to create fear in the American public. "The first step in creating hysteria was to introduce the element of fear of the unknown by using a word that no one had ever heard of before... 'marijuana'" (ibid). DuPont's involvment in the anti-hemp campaign can also be explained with great ease. At this time, DuPont was patenting a new sulfuric acid process for producing wood-pulp paper. "According to the company's own records, wood-pulp products ultimately accounted for more than 80% of all DuPont's railroad car loadings for the next 50 years" (ibid). Indeed it should be noted that "two years before the prohibitive hemp tax in 1937, DuPont developed a new synthetic fiber, nylon, which was an ideal substitute for hemp rope" (Hartsell). The year after the tax was passed DuPont came out with rayon, which would have been unable to compete with the strength of hemp fiber or its economical process of manufacturing. "DuPont's point man was none other than Harry Anslinger...who was appointed to the FBN by Treasury Secretary Andrew MEllon, who was also chairman of the Mellon Bank, DuPont's chief financial backer. Anslinger's relationship to Mellon wasn't just political, he was also married to Mellon's niece" (Hartsell). It doesn't take much to draw a connection between DuPont, Anslinger, and Mellon, and it's obvious that all of these groups, including Hearst, had strong motivation to prevent the growth of the hemp industry. The reasoning behind DuPont, Anslinger, and Hearst was not for any moral or health related issues. They fought to prevent the growth of this new industry so they wouldn't go bankrupt. In fact, the American Medical Association tried to argue for the medical benefits of hemp. Marijuana is actually less dangerous than alcohol, cigarettes, and even most over-the-counter medicines or prescriptions. According to Francis J. Young, the DEA's administrative judge, "nearly all medicines have toxicm, potentially letal affects, but marijuana is not such a substance...Marijuana, in its natural form, is one of the safest therapeutically active substances known to man. By any measure of rational analysis marijuana can be safely used within a supervised routine of medical care" (DEA Docket No. 86-22, 57). It is illogical then, for marijuana to be illegal in the United States when "alcohol poisoning is a significant cause of death in this country" and "approximately 400,000 premature deaths are attributed to cigarettes annually." Dr. Roger Pertwee, SEcretary of the International Cannabis Research Society states that as a recreational drug, "Marijuana compares favourably to nicotine, alcohol, and even caffeine." Under extreme amounts of alcohol a person will experience an "inability to stand or walk without help, stupor and near unconsciousness, lack of comprehension of what is seen or heard, shock, and breathing and heartbeat may stop." Even though these effects occur only under insane amounts of alcohol consumption, (.2-.5 BAL) the fact is smoking extreme amounts of marijuana will do nothing more than put you to sleep, whereas drinking excessive amounts of alcohol will kill you. The most profound activist for marijuana's use as a medicine is Dr. Lester Grinspoon, author of Marihuana: The Forbidden Medicine. According to Grinspoon, "The only well-confirmed negative effect of marijuana is caused by the smoke, which contains three times more tars and five times more carbon monoxide than tobacco. But even the heaviest marijuana smokers rarely use as much as an average tobacco smoker. And, of course, many prefer to eat it." His book includes personal accounts of how prescribed marijuana alleviated epilepsy, weight loss of aids, nausea of chemotherapy, menstrual pains, and the severe effects of multiple sclerosis. The illness with the most documentation and harmony among doctors which marijuana has successfully treated is MS. Grinspoon believes for MS sufferers, "Cannabis is the drug of necessity." One patient of his, 51 year old Elizabeth MacRory, says "It has completely changed my life...It has helped with muscle spasms, allowed me to sleep properly, and helped control my bladder." Marijuana also proved to be effective in the treatment of glaucoma because its use lwoers pressure on the eye. "In a recent survey at a leading teaching hospital, 'over 60 per cent of medical students were found to be marijuana users.' In the same survey, only 30 per cent admitted to smoking cigarettes" (Guardian). Brian Hilliard, editor of Police Review, says "Legalizing cannabis wouldn't do any harm to anybody. We should be concentrating on the serious business of heroin and amphetamines." "In the UK in 1991, 42,209 people were convicted of marijuana charges, clogging courts and overcrowding prisons...and almost 90 per cent of drug offences invlove cannabis...The British government spends 500 million pounds a year on "overall responses to drugs" but receives no tax revenue from the estimated 1.8 billion pound illicit drug market" (Guardian). Figures like this can be seen in the United States as well. The U.S. spends billions of dollars annually in its "war on drugs." If the government were to legalize marijuana, it could reasonably place high taxes on it because people are used to buying marijuana at inflated prices created by risks of selling illegally. It could be sold at a convenient store just like a pack of cigarettes for less than someone would pay now, but still yield a high profit because of easy growing requirements. An entire industry could be created out of hemp based products. The oils extracted from seeds could be used for fuels and the hemp fiber, a fiber so valued for its strength that it is used to judge the quality of other fibers, could be manufactured into ropes, clothing, or paper. Most importantly, the money the government would make from taxes and the money which would be saved by not trying to prevent its use could be used for more important things, such as serious drugs or the national debt. The recreational use of marijuana would not stimulate crime like some would argue. The crime rate in Amsterdam is lower than many major U.S. cities. Mario Lap, a key drug policy advisor in the Netherlands national government says "We've had a realistic drug policy for 30 years in the Netherlands, and we know what works. We distinguish between soft and hard drugs, between traffickers and users. We try not to make people into criminals" (Houston Chronicle). In 1989 the LAncet report states "The Dutch have shown that there is nothing inevitable about the drugs ladder in which soft drugs lead to heard drugs. The ladder does not exist in Holland because the dealers have been separated." We can expect strong opposition from companies like DuPont and paper manufacturerss but the selfishness of these corporations should not prevent its use in our society like it did in the 1930's. Regardless of what these organizations will say about marijuana, the fact is it has the potential to become one of the most useful substances in the entire world. If we took action and our government legalized it today, we would immediately see benefits from this decision. People suffering from illnesses ranging from manic depression to multiple sclerosis would be able to experience relief, the government could make a fortune off of the taxes it could impose on its sale, and its implementation into the industrial world would create thousands of new jobs for the economy. Also, because of its role in paper making, the rain forests of South America could be saved from their current fate. No recorded deaths have ever occurred as a result of marijuana use, it is not physically addictive like alcohol or tobacco, and most doctors will agree it is safer to use. |
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Banana bender
Bitzer Bourke Street, he doesn't know Christmas well i might get canned if i call stevewm a Clacker |
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Kalimera stevevw
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E=MC2 dE =Ac2dm
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split the nucleus of an atom into two smaller fragments with a neutron.
This method usually involves isotopes of uranium (uranium-235, uranium-233) or plutonium-239 |
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hey Daniel what does this Equation equal (dE= Ac2dm) just a kid
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UK royals remember 9/11 victims Britain's Prince Charles and his wife, Camilla, began an eight-day US trip with a visit to Manhattan's Ground Zero and the dedication of the British Memorial Garden to honour victims of the September 11, 2001 attacks. After a private tour of the razed site of the World Trade Centre's twin towers, the royals spent 10 minutes of reflection among mementos left to honour those who died at the "family room," reserved for relations of victims of the attacks. Sixty-seven Britons were killed in the hijacked airplane attacks that brought the twin towers down, killing 2,749 office workers, rescuers and others. Hundreds of lunch-hour onlookers applauded when a motorcade delivered the royal couple and New York Governor George Pataki to Hanover Square, a narrow triangular park nestled among high-rise office buildings in downtown Manhattan. "This is really exciting," said Deborah Leigh, a downtown office worker. "I think it's great they were able to come here for the dedication. That was awesome." The prince was making his first official visit to the United States since 1994, when he came with the late Princess Diana. Charles and Camilla stepped out of a black limousine and greeted the crowd before walking into the memorial garden. After being presented with a bouquet of flowers by a little girl in a tartan dress, they greeted dignitaries and then strolled around the temporary plantings before tugging at either end of a dark green drape to unveil the centre stone, embossed with the crest of the Prince of Wales. British garden The garden is expected to cost about US$6.5 million to build with British stone and ironworks. After the unveiling, Charles and Camilla crossed the street into the India House, a private club, to meet 150 guests and 30 family members of British victims of September 11. "Both my wife and I were profoundly moved by what we saw," the prince said about their visit to Ground Zero. "Not just by the scale of the outrage but the deeply distressing individual stories of heroism and of loss. "Our hearts go out to you today as they did on that dreadful day. Both our nations have been united by grief and strengthened by the support we have given one another." Alexandra Clarke, chair of a September 11 families group in Britain, whose daughter Suria, 30, was killed in the attacks, praised the prince for his support. "Prince Charles has been behind us and with us right from the beginning," she said. "He has been quietly and personally very kind to families of September 11 victims in the UK. "They are both very relaxed people," she said of the royal couple. "They were genuinely interested in hearing the stories people had to tell. We were talking, they were listening." Charles also visited the United Nations, where he met Secretary-General Kofi Annan and participated in a discussion promoting jobs for young people as a way to spur global development, an issue he said he had been interested in for the past decade. Later, the British royalty were to be honoured at a reception at the Museum of Modern Art, where invited guests included Sir Elton John, actors Robert De Niro, Catherine Zeta Jones, Matthew Broderick, Sarah Jessica Parker and comedian Jerry Seinfeld. Charles and Camilla were to have lunch and dinner Wednesday at the White House. On Friday, they plan to visit New Orleans, ravaged by Hurricane Katrina, before continuing on to San Francisco. |
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Cost-cutters slashed the price of New York's September 11 memorial in
half to US$500 million while preserving crucial design elements like waterfalls and reflecting pools where the Twin Towers once stood, officials said on Tuesday. The Lower Manhattan Development Corporation unveiled the redesign a month after builder Frank Sciame was hired to bring costs down to US$500 million. The price tag had climbed to nearly US$1 billion, drawing howls of protest from politicians. Bickering over financing, security and design had already delayed the rebuilding of the World Trade Centre site, including the 540-metre Freedom Tower, which will replace the Twin Towers in the Manhattan skyline. The new projected memorial cost is US$510 million $10 million more than Governor George Pataki and Mayor Michael Bloomberg wanted. But the redesign allows builders to meet the construction deadline of September 11, 2009, and preserves most of Michael Arad's original design. Arad envisioned twin pools marking the base of the Twin Towers with waterfalls cascading around all four sides of each pool, feeding underground pools with a continuous stream. Visitors would descend below ground and look up at the waterfalls, with the names of all 2,979 killed displayed around the pools. The savings come from a combination of eliminating some design elements, scaling back infrastructure, passing off costs to other government agencies, and efficiencies like having the landowner the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey assume responsibility for construction. Costs were further reduced by moving the names of the victims to ground level. The redesign removes some underground galleries but preserves the subterranean view of the waterfalls. The public has a week to comment on the redesign, after which various public agencies will consider it for adoption |
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Conservative author Ann Coulter sparked a storm on Wednesday after
describing a group of September 11 widows who backed the Democratic Party as millionaire "witches" reveling in their status as celebrities. "I've never seen people enjoying their husbands' deaths so much," Coulter writes in her book "Godless: The Church of Liberalism," published on Tuesday, referring to four women who headed a campaign that resulted in the creation of the September 11 Commission that investigated the hijacked plane attacks. Coulter wrote that the women were millionaires as a result of compensation settlements and were "reveling in their status as celebrities and stalked by grief-arazzis." A spokeswoman for publisher Crown Forum said it had set a first print run of 1 million copies of "Godless" and there were 1.5 million copies of Coulter's previous four books in print. The four women, Kristen Breitweiser, Patty Casazza, Mindy Kleinberg and Lorie Van Auken, declined to discuss the book in detail but issued a statement saying they had been slandered. "There was no joy in watching men that we loved burn alive. There was no happiness in telling our children that their fathers were never coming home again," said the statement signed by the four, along with a fifth woman, Monica Gabrielle. The four women, who live in or around East Brunswick, New Jersey, became friends after September 11 and formed a group that agitated for the investigation. "Our only motivation ever was to make our nation safer," they said. Coulter, whose books include the bestseller "How to Talk to a Liberal (If You Must)," argues in the new book the women she dubs "the Witches of East Brunswick" wanted to blame US President George W. Bush for not preventing the attacks. She criticized them for making a campaign advertisement for Democratic presidential candidate Senator John Kerry in 2004, and added: "By the way, how do we know their husbands weren't planning to divorce these harpies? Now that their shelf life is dwindling, they'd better hurry up and appear in Playboy." Asked why she made such personal comments, Coulter said, "I am tired of victims being used as billboards for untenable liberal political beliefs." |
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Topic:
US new strategy biased
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In the lead-up to the fifth anniversary of the September 11 attacks, the
United States began reviewing history. On August 28, US Vice President **** Cheney spoke at the Veterans of Foreign Wars National Convention, and gave one of the most important speeches delivered on this subject. Cheney talked about terrorism in his speech. Cheney argued that terrorists seek to impose a dictatorship of fear, under which every man, woman, and child is totally obedient to a narrow and hateful ideology. This ideology rejects tolerance, denies freedom of conscience, and demands that women be pushed to the margins of society. He said terrorists have made clear their ultimate ambitions: to arm themselves with chemical, biological and even nuclear weapons, to destroy Israel, to intimidate all western countries, and to cause the death of masses in the United States. They want to end all American and Western influence in the Middle East. They believe that by controlling one country, they will be able to target and overthrow other governments in the region, and ultimately establish a totalitarian empire that reaches across Spain, across North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, all the way around to Indonesia. America needed to come up with a new strategy, said Cheney, to combat this kind of determined, organized, ruthless enemy. The new strategy has four points. The United States is absolutely determined to prevent attacks and so it must always be on the offensive against terrorists. Cheney deliberately avoided using such controversial wording as "to strike first" at this point. Unsurprisingly, the United States is determined to deny terrorists a safe haven. Cheney explains the Bush Doctrine dictates that "any person or government that supports, protects, or harbors terrorists is complicit in the murder of the innocent, and will be held to account." The United States is also working to halt the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and to keep those weapons out of the hands of killers. It must prevent any dangers from fully materializing. Obviously this refers to Iran and North Korea. The United States is determined to deny the terrorists control of any nation, which they would likely use as a base and staging ground for attacks on others. These are the reasons the United States continues to fight what is left of the Taliban and al Qaeda forces in Afghanistan. In fact, Cheney's is not proposing a new strategy. He is justifying the Iraqi war, for which the US has been heavily criticized. Assessing US anti-terrorism wars over the past five years, the majority of US voters said that the war on terrorism was far from effective and that security is no better. Many people believe that the war on terror has actually helped create more terrorists. More and more people want the US to withdraw from Iraq. In the past year, the anti-war voice has dominated public opinion. Congress members who support the war on Iraq are facing defeat in the election. In fact, Cheney rarely attends such public activities. He went to defend the government's decision to launch the Iraq war and help restore the position of the Republicans before the mid-term elections. Cheney's new anti-terrorism strategy seems justified; however, it is somewhat biased. The United States tries to enlarge the war on terror, even turning it into a crusade of sorts, a "confrontation between free and democratic Western forces and anti-freedom-and-democracy forces in the Middle East." The fundamental cause of opposition is the hegemony and partial policies that the United States has been pursuing in the region. If the United States cannot acknowledge this point, it would have difficulty getting support in the Middle East, let alone winning the war on terror. |
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The US Defence Department on Tuesday released the first video images of
American Airlines Flight 77 crashing into the military headquarters building and killing 189 people in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The images, recorded by Pentagon security cameras outside the building, were made public in response to a December 2004 Freedom of Information Act request by Judicial Watch, a public interest group. Some still images from the video had previously been leaked and publicly circulated, but this was the first official release. The airplane is a thin white blur on the video as it slams into the Pentagon at ground level. Almost instantly a white flash and a huge orange fireball appear on the video, followed by a tower of grey-black smoke. One of the videos shows a Pentagon police car driving in the direction of the impact point shortly after the plane hit. Travelling at an estimated speed of 848 kilometres per hour, the hijacked plane rammed into the southwest side of the Pentagon at midmorning, shortly after two other hijacked airlines were flown into the twin towers at the World Trade Centre in New York. The attack set off fires in a portion of the Pentagon and killed 125 people inside, in addition to the 59 passengers and crew and the five men who hijacked the plane at Dulles International Airport. Debra Burlingame, whose brother Charles was the pilot of the American Airlines plane, said in a telephone interview that she realized Pentagon officials were compelled to release the videos under the Freedom of Information Act. But she said the images provide no new information about what happened that day. Ms Burlingame said she doubted that release of the videos would do anything to dispel the many conspiracy theories, including the claim by some that the Pentagon was hit by a missile. The Pentagon videos provide only the briefest glimpse of the plane as it hits the building; the images were recorded on cameras designed to record license plates of vehicles entering the Pentagon grounds and were too slow to capture the airplane's approach. The Pentagon had previously refused to release the videos, saying they had been provided to the Justice Department as evidence in any criminal proceedings. Judicial Watch said the Pentagon told the group it would release the images "now that the trial of Zacarias Moussaoui is over." Judicial Watch said the government previously had refused to release the video because it was "part of an ongoing investigation" involving Moussaoui, sentenced this month to life in prison for conspiracy in the Sept. 11 attacks. "We fought hard to obtain this video because we felt that it was very important to complete the public record with respect to the terrorist attacks of September 11," Judicial Watch President Tom Fitton said in a statement. "Finally, we hope that this video will put to rest the conspiracy theories involving American Airlines Flight 77 |
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