Betelgeuse
Betelgeuse
Betelgeuse

i guess i don't understand "bowshock"... seems like the gravity from the giant star would suck it all in...

But the solar wind is blowing the dust around. We are talking about a star as large as Mars's orbit. It is fartign out a huge plume of solar wind. Now anything heavier than dust is screwed! The solar wind isn't enough to push stones away. But dust and gas? Easy Peasy!

Let's figure out Black holes first.

A hole is the absence of matter. A "black hole" is matter gone crazy by being squeezed into a sigularity. So is it a hole at all?

Let's figure out Black holes first.

TECHNICALLY the singularity is very infinitesimal. BUT what it does in this space is not!

First of all there is a zone where space is warped from the singularity to a event rim. This would be seen as a black void that light bends around much like a badly ground lens distorting the light around the event zone.



The Event ZONE has dimension. It is an area of space but it is curved and tortured. Normal physics goes completely out the door in the Event Zone.

Now the classic "Three dimension" FLAT space model shows the effects of stuff in the gravity well.



In the case of a Black Hole the Gravity Well is the Event Zone. It is like a bubble in water where there is actually GREATER 'vacuum' in that particular space than regular unwarped space.

I feel space itself has a "Fluid Dynamic" to it and where gravity is warped so badly by such a super dense object space, like water cavitates in that area. Water can be agitated so much so that you can actually impart a void within an uncompromisable medium. As I said regular physics takes a hike in the Event Zone. The reason I call what we would see as an Event Zone is becasue the black hole technically would be invisible to even a Scanning Electron Microscope which can see individual atoms. It is a zone of warped space. Could it be a tear into another dimension? I feel that a black hole might wither sit between two spots in space as we know it or actually open into another dimension where it plugs the hole. It is possible if you could somehow speed past the black hole and ride the wall of a fissure in the well you might be able to miss the black hole and come out elsewhere in maybe another universe or place in our own. That predisposes you would survive the trip for a host of reasons!

Now when matter enters the event zone it accelerates matter to the speed of light as it consumes it. In the mean time the moving material causes a magneto effect and the surface of the event zone lights up and rays come from poles of the black hole. This leads to an assumption (based on observation of other natural phenomenon) that the Black hole has a spin. But if matter accelerates towards light speed its mass according to Einstein is supposed to approach infinite mass. If this is true then a black hole may be matter held in a state of warped time as well. This means its spin would potentially be fantastically fast. Millions if not billions or more RPS. But likewise its mass would have to be just over the top as in technically the weight of the universe.

But like I said, if it is a bend between universes then the mass of the black hole would be the plug in the middle and getting past it may be impossible. That is unless you manage to force the well to bulge near the black hole itself and slip past it on its very surface. You would literally be skipping off of oblivion! Just ONE slight miscalculation and GULP!

Well, you got some of it right. The "hole" of a black hole is called the "event horizon". This is an area of space where space/time has been stretched by the enormous gravity of the singularity where the acceleration of space/time exceeds the speed of light. Hence a light particle heading out of the event horizon is falling back into the event horizon where space/time is being stretched faster than the speed of light.

The speed of light is a maximum for mass but does not apply to space/time. All these events were predicted by physics and act the way predicted before the first black hole was found.

Where physics falls apart is near the singularity. The forces there are so extreme that neither quantum nor Eisenstein physics apply.

they really don't know how big or small it is... technically, it is an absence of light, so how can they determine the size?

The size is determined by it's mass which is determined by it's orbit. The mass is commonly expressed in multiples of Solar Masses. The really big ones are described as "super massive".

Here is some info:

Begin quote:

Supermassive Black Holes May Be Even Bigger Than Scientists Imagined

Scientists working with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory have determined that the biggest black holes in the universe might be even bigger than previously thought.

At this point, it’s clear to most astronomers that lying at the center of nearly every galaxy is a supermassive black hole – black holes that have masses ranging from a few million to a few billion times the mass of the Sun. Elsewhere in the universe, astronomers have identified rare ultramassive black holes – black holes with masses 10 to 40 billion times that of the Sun. However, new findings from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory have demonstrated that ultramassive black holes may not be that rare after all – because many supermassive black holes are bigger than previously thought.







“These results may mean we don’t really understand how the very biggest black holes coexist with their host galaxies,” said co-author Andrew Fabian in a press release. “It looks like the behavior of these huge black holes has to differ from that of their less massive cousins in an important way.”

The issue here comes from the way that astronomers determine the mass of black holes. Black hole masses have typically been determined in far away galaxies by using the correlation between how much infrared radiation is coming from the gasses spinning from the black hole and its mass by relying on observations of smaller black holes. However, this is an imperfect way of doing it, because such light is no longer emitted by the gasses once the cross the event horizon of the black hole. (Which is why astronomers will sometimes refer to black holes as “shining poorly.”)

The best way to determine the mass of a black hole is to directly measure the gravitational effect the black hole has on the objects around it. Through careful observation, it’s just a matter of plugging the numbers into the well known gravitational equations of relativity. Unfortunately, the only instrument sensitive enough for that is the Hubble Space Telescope, and there are limits to how much time researchers are able to use it to observe what they want.

In a blog post about this discovery, lead researcher Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo remembered that there was a third way to estimate the mass of a black hole, which could be done using the Chandra X-ray telescope. She recalled from previous reading that all non-quasar black holes have ”a simple relation between the amount of X-ray and radio waves a black hole emits, and its mass.” So the research team turned the Chandra telescope towards known black holes. And that’s what led to the astonishing results.

“The masses we obtained from the standard relations systematically underestimated the black hole masses compared to where they should lie on the fundamental plane of black hole activity,” wrote Hlavacek-Larrondo. “If our black holes truly follow this fundamental plane, as they should because they ‘shine poorly’ (unless they are somehow special), then the true black hole masses would be about 10 times higher!”

The next step, though, is to prove the mass of the black hole through direct observation with the Hubble Space Telescope. Hlavacek-Larrondo hopes to get time on the Hubble Space telescope to observe them – and thinks that those observations may yield even larger black holes.

“For some of our objects, I only have lower limits of the mass, which means that the black hole mass could be even higher,” she wrote. “I wouldn’t be surprised if I end up finding a 100 billion solar mass black hole (the biggest black hole yet discovered is around 30 billion times the mass of the sun)!”

(Image Credits - X-ray: NASA/CXC/Stanford/Hlavacek-Larrondo, J. et al; Optical: NASA/STScI; Radio: NSF/NRAO/VLA)